Solubility Rules Flashcards

1
Q

What salts/bases are soluble in aqueous solutions without exception?

A

Salts/bases that are formed from the group 1A elements (alkali metals) and ammonium. Also, salts/bases with the following anionic constituents: nitrates (NO3-), nitrites (NO2-), acetates (CH3COO-), ClOx-, and iodates (IO3-) are freely soluble in water.

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2
Q

Salts/Bases that formed with the anionic constituent chloride (Cl-), bromide (Br-), or iodide (I-), are freely soluble in aqueous solutions besides a few notable exceptions. There are several metals (M = metal) where MxCly, MxBry, MxIy form insoluble compounds. List these cationic constiuents.

A

Cu+, Ag+, Au+, [Hg2]+2, and Pb+2

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3
Q

Salts/Bases that formed with the anionic constituent, sulfate (SO4-2), are freely soluble in aqueous solutions besides a few notable exceptions. There are several metals (M = metal) where Mx(SO4)y, form insoluble compounds. List these cationic constiuents.

A
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4
Q

Sulfides (such as FeS) are generally insoluble in aqueous solutions. However, there are some sulfides that are soluble, name these exceptions.

A

Sulfides that form with the group 1A elements (i.e. Na2, Li2SS, K2S…etc.) group 2A elements (CaS, MgS, SrS…etc.) and ammonium sulfide (NH4)2S will be soluble in aqueous solutions.

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5
Q

Carbonates (CO3-2), phosphates (PO4-3), silicates (SiO4-4), sulfites (SO3-2), and chromates (CrO4-2 and Cr2O7-2) are generally insoluble in aqueous solutions. However, there are some that are soluble, name these exceptions.

A

Carbonates (CO3-2), phosphates (PO4-3), silicates (SiO4-4), sulfites (SO3-2), and chromates (CrO4-2 and Cr2O7-2) that are paired with the group 1A elements, Ba+2, Sr+2, and Ra+2 are all soluble in aqueous solutions.

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6
Q

What base is said to be soluble, but does not break into ions when in aqueous solutions?

A

Ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3)

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