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PT 10111 MedSurg 2 > Dementia > Flashcards

Dementia Flashcards

1
Q

Characterized by intellectual deterioration, with concomitant decline in independence and daily social or occupational functions. (Ref: Merritt)

A

Dementia

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2
Q

Most common neurodegenerative disease, recognized as a devastating disease especially for the elderly

A

Alzheimer’s Disease

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3
Q

T/F: The majority of demented elders live in less developed regions such as South-East Asia and this proportion will increased considerably in the future

A

True

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4
Q

Discovered Alzheimer’s Disease

A

Dr. Alois Alzheimer

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5
Q

First AD patient (Died w/in 5 years after diagnosis)

A

Auguste D

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6
Q

Syndrome of cognitive decline with variable non-cognitive features of behavioral and psychiatric symptoms and disturbances in ADLs (Ref: Transes)

A

Dementia

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7
Q

Syndrome of cognitive decline with variable non-cognitive features of behavioral and psychiatric symptoms and disturbances in ADLs (Ref: Transes)

A

Dementia

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8
Q

Patients with Dementia have _____ acquired decline in _____ which interferes with an individual’s ADL.

A
  1. Sustained
  2. Intellect
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9
Q

Order of Forgetting People

A

Grandchildren → youngest children → oldest
children → wife → mother or father

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10
Q

(6) Early Signs and Symptoms of Dementia

A
  1. Forgetful and absent-minded
  2. Fatigue
  3. Difficulty recalling familiar words
  4. Difficulty in learning new things
  5. Deterioration in judgement & social behavior
  6. May manifest before memory impairment → most of the time misdiagnosed as psychiatric conditions
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11
Q

To educate patients with mild-moderate dementia

A

Cognitive Stimulation Theory

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12
Q

T/F: Early detection of the condition is not as crucial.

A

False. IT IS VERY CRUCIAL AAAA

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13
Q

Intermediate Signs and Symptoms of Dementia

A
  1. Loss of logic, memory, motor ability
  2. Impatience
  3. Restlessness
  4. Physical/verbal aggression
  5. Speech/verbal and math skills decline
  6. Social skills decline
  7. Paranoia
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14
Q

Advance Signs and Symptoms of Dementia

A
  1. Bladder/bowel constrictions
  2. Difficulty following simple commands
  3. Hallucinations
  4. Emotional Deterioration
  5. Loss of insights
  6. Severe Motor deterioration
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15
Q

Can Patient Education be addressed in the advance stages.

A

No! Early detection is crucial. Role of family is vv important here.

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16
Q

Is it Normal or DO I HAVE DEMENTIA?
Temporarily forgetting a colleague’s name (relative, friend, family members)

A

Normal

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17
Q

Is it Normal or DO I HAVE DEMENTIA?
Not being able to remember the name later

A

Possibly Dementia

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18
Q

Is it Normal or DO I HAVE DEMENTIA?
Forgetting the carrots (fried fish) on the stove until the meal is over.

A

Normal

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19
Q

Is it Normal or DO I HAVE DEMENTIA?
Forgetting that a meal was ever prepared

A

Possibly Dementia

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20
Q

Is it Normal or DO I HAVE DEMENTIA?
Unable to find the right word, but using a substitute

A

Normal

21
Q

Is it Normal or DO I HAVE DEMENTIA?
Uttering incomprehensible words

A

Possibly Dementia

22
Q

Is it Normal or DO I HAVE DEMENTIA?
Forgetting for a moment where you are going (danger sign)

A

Normal (I guess,,,)

23
Q

Is it Normal or DO I HAVE DEMENTIA?
Getting lost on your own street

A

Possibly Dementia

24
Q

Is it Normal or DO I HAVE DEMENTIA?
Talking on the phone and temporarily forgetting to watch a child

A

Normal

25
Q

Is it Normal or DO I HAVE DEMENTIA?
Forgetting there is a child at all

A

Possibly Dementia

26
Q

Is it Normal or DO I HAVE DEMENTIA?
Having trouble balancing a checkbook

A

Normal (Probably an Accounting Student)

27
Q

Is it Normal or DO I HAVE DEMENTIA?
Not knowing what numbers mean

A

Possibly Dementia

28
Q

Is it Normal or DO I HAVE DEMENTIA?
Misplacing a wristwatch until steps are retraced

A

Normal

29
Q

Is it Normal or DO I HAVE DEMENTIA?
Putting a wristwatch in the sugar bowl

A

Possibly Dementia

30
Q

Is it Normal or DO I HAVE DEMENTIA?
Having a bad day

A

Normal

31
Q

Is it Normal or DO I HAVE DEMENTIA?
Having rapid mood shifts

A

Possibly Dementia

32
Q

Is it Normal or DO I HAVE DEMENTIA?
Gradual changes in personality with age (expected)

A

Normal

33
Q

Is it Normal or DO I HAVE DEMENTIA?
Drastic changes in personality

A

Possibly Dementia

34
Q

Is it Normal or DO I HAVE DEMENTIA?
Tiring of housework but getting back to it (very common d/t capacity & limitations of an elderly)

A

Normal

35
Q

Is it Normal or DO I HAVE DEMENTIA?
Not knowing (caring) housework needs to be done

A

Possibly Dementia

36
Q

Leading Clinical Manifestation in Dementia among Filipinos

A

Disturbance in memory! ( with 100%)

37
Q

Leading cause of Dementia (Whopping 60%)

A

Alzheimer’s Disease

38
Q

As one grows older, is there a higher chance to develop AD d/t age?

A

Yeah. Its one of the most important risk factor of AD.

39
Q

AD Gender Risk Factor: Females ____ Males?

A

Females > Males (So true Women over Men any day)

40
Q

Co-morbid Conditions that are risk factors of AD

A

Brain infarction, myocardial infarction (heart attacks, diseases, stroke)

41
Q

Clinical Features of AD in Memory (Cognitive)

A

Early: Poor recall of new info
Intermediate: Remote memories affected
Late: Untestable

42
Q

Clinical Features of AD in Language (Cognitive)

A

Early: Dysnomia & mild loss of fluency
Intermediate: Non-fluent, paraphasia, and impaired repetition
Late: Near-mutism

43
Q

Difficulty in naming objects/people that they should know

A

Dysnomia

44
Q

Clinical Features of AD in Visuospatial (Cognitive)

A

Early: Misplace objects and difficulty in driving
Intermediate: Getting lost and difficulty in copying figures
Late: Untestable

45
Q

Clinical Features of AD in Behavioral

A

Early: Delusions, depression, and insomnia
Intermediate: Delusions, depression, agitation, insomnia
Late: Agitations and wandering

46
Q

Clinical Features of AD in Neurologic

A

Early: Abnormal face-hand test and Frontal release signs
Intermediate: Abnormal face-hand test, Agraphesthesia, and frontal release signs
Late: Incontinence, frontal release signs, rigidity, los of gait +/- myoclonus

47
Q

DSM-IV Criteria for Dementia (AD Type)

A
  1. Gradual progressive decline in memory loss
  2. Aphasia, Apraxia, Agnosia, Executive function disturbance
  3. Significant impairment in social/occupational functioning
  4. Not due to delirium, drugs, or medical/psychiatric/neurologic disorder
48
Q

Atypical Feature of Non-AD Dementias

A

Onset and course of Dementia (>60yrs)
Psychiatric and Behavioral Symptoms (Kluver-Bucy Syndrome)
Mental State Examination (Subcortical Dementia)
Neurological Symptoms or Findings (Parkinson’s)

PT 10111 MedSurg 2 (3 decks)

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