3.4-3.5: The Endocrine System and the Cerebral Cortex Flashcards
The blood-borne chemicals that travel through the circulatory system, enabling the brain to regulate the body’s activities
Hormones
A network of glands that produces and releases hormones into the bloodstream to regulate the body’s activities
Endocrine system
The endocrine glands located on top of the kidneys; they produce a variety of hormones, including adrenaline and cortisol, that are central to the stress response
Adrenal glands
The master endocrine gland, located at the base of the brain, that in addition to producing its own hormones, regulates hormone production in other glands
Pituitary gland
A lobe that runs along the back of the head, contains the primary visual cortex, and is largely devoted to vision
Occipital lobe
A lobe that runs alongside the ears, contains the primary auditory cortex, and is responsible for the ability to hear and understand language
Temporal lobe
A lobe that runs alongside the head above and behind the ears and contains the primary somatosensory cortex, supporting a map of the body skin’s surface and the sense of touch
Parietal lobe
A lobe located in the front of the head, contains the primary motor cortex and a map of the body’s muscles, and is essential for movement and planning
Frontal lobe
The cortex that is insulated by the overlying cortex; supports the sense of taste and allows perception of internal organs
Insular lobe
The evolutionarily newest part of the cerebral cortex that is the largest part of the human brain; supports complex functions, including language, thought, problem solving, and imagination
Neocortex
The first regions of the cerebral cortex to receive signals from a sensory organ via its sensory nerve
Primary sensory areas
The cortex that is responsible for voluntary movements
Primary motor cortex
The cortex responsible for the sense of touch
Primary somatosensory cortex
The cortex that integrates information coming in from the senses with existing knowledge
Association cortex
