Antiulcer Medications

Question 1

Symptoms of PUD include

Answer 1

upper abdominal pain, loss of appetite, feeling bloated, nausea, and vomiting, foul-smelling black stools

Question 2

where is the ulcer if the pain occurs after eating?

Answer 2

in the stomach

Question 3

where is the ulcer located if pain occurs when the stomach is empty?

Answer 3

in the duodenum

Question 4

What are the 2 Medication Options for anti ulcer medications?

Answer 4

1. Histamine-2 (H2) blockers
2. Proton Pump inhibitors

Question 5

-tidine is the suffix for which medication?

Answer 5

H2 blockers

Question 6

What are the two H2 blockers that you should know?

Answer 6

1. Famotidine
2. Ranitidine

Question 7

What are the common uses of H2 blockers?

Answer 7

-peptic ulcer disease
-indigestion
-GERD
-stress ulcer prophylaxis
-used to prevent stomach ulcers when taking NSAIDs
-used in anaphylactic reactions

Question 8

Mechanism of Action of H2 blockers

Answer 8

Normally:
-Gastrin and Histamine-2 are workers in the stomach
-they turn on the switch (activate) the parietal cells that live on the lining of the stomach
-when parietal cells are up and moving (activated) they secrete hydrochloric acid (HCl)
With H2 blockers:
-One of the parietal cell activators, Histamine-2 receptors, is blocked
-this causes less stomach acid to be produced

Question 9

Which medication is available over the counter, usually well tolerated and works fairly quickly?

Answer 9

H2 blockers

Question 10

-prazole is the suffix for which medication

Answer 10

proton pump inhibitors

Question 11

What are the 4 PPIs that you should know?

Answer 11

1. Esomeprazole
2. Lansoprazole
3. Omeprazole
4. Pantoprazole

Question 12

What are the common uses of PPIs?

Answer 12

-Peptic Ulcer Disease
-Indigestion
-GERD
-stress ulcer prophylaxis
-used to prevent stomach ulcers when taking NSAIDs

Question 13

What is the mechanism of action of Proton Pump Inhibitors?

Answer 13

Normally:
-the H+/K+ ATPase pump found in parietal cells in the stomach is the enzyme responsible for the acidification of the stomach contents (gastric acid)
With PPIs:
-The PPIs bind to the H+/K+ ATPase pumps which causes them to stop producing gastric acid

Question 14

How long does the effect of PPIs last?

Answer 14

1-3 days until the body can produce new pumps

Question 15

which medication is stronger? H2 blockers or PPIs?

Answer 15

PPIs

Question 16

When should you take PPIs? Why?

Answer 16

• in the morning before breakfast bc it has a short half-life meaning that it acts quickly but its effects wears off rapidly
  -this gives them time to absorb before the pumps turn on since stomach acid destroys PPIs so they have to be specially formulated to survive in the stomach and reach the small intestine where they can be absorbed.

Question 17

How can PPIs increase infection risk?

Answer 17

-Normally, stomach acid kills bacteria in the stomach
-Since PPIs significantly decrease stomach acid production, clients may be at a higher risk of developing infections like pneumonia and C. difficile associated diarrhea.