Describe two ways in which the EU influences the placemaking process. (4)

Question 1

Mini Intro

Answer 1

EU influences the placemaking process in member states through funding and regulations. This can have a significant impact on the design and governance of public spaces and can incentivize member states to adopt best practices in placemaking.

Question 2

P1

Answer 2

• The EU provides funding to member states through a range of programs, such as the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) and the European Social Fund (ESF). These funds can be used for placemaking projects that improve the physical and social infrastructure of an area.
• In the case of Birmingham and the Big City Plan, the EU has played a role in shaping the placemaking process through its funding programs. The Big City Plan has received significant funding from the ERDF, which has been used to support a range of placemaking projects. For example, funding has been used to create new public spaces, improve transportation networks, and support the development of new businesses. Without the support of EU funding, many of these projects may not have been possible.

Question 3

How much money did the EU give?

Answer 3

According to the official website of the Big City Plan, the project received €120 million in funding from the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) between 2014 and 2020.

Question 4

P2

Answer 4

• The EU also sets regulations and standards that can impact placemaking. For example, the EU’s Urban Agenda promotes sustainable urban development by encouraging member states to adopt integrated approaches to urban planning and governance.
• The EU’s regulations and standards have influenced the design and governance of public spaces in Birmingham.The Big City Plan has been developed with these principles in mind, with a focus on creating sustainable, accessible, and inclusive public spaces that benefit all citizens.