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NME > Anatomy of the Biliary Tract, Pancreas and Spleen > Flashcards

Anatomy of the Biliary Tract, Pancreas and Spleen Flashcards

1
Q

Gallbladder location:

A
  • fossa of gallbladder (visceral surface of the liver)
  • 9th costal cartilage MCL or transpyloric MCL
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2
Q

Common bile duct location

A

Within free edge of lesser omentum

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3
Q

Relations of the common bile duct(2):

A
  • posterior to 1st part of duodenum
  • medial to 2nd part of duodenum
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4
Q

Gallbladder and common bile duct

A
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5
Q

Features of the gallbladder and common bile duct

A
  • fund us
  • body
  • infundibulum
  • neck (continuous with cystic duct) contains a spiral valve
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6
Q

Gallbladder and common bile duct

A
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7
Q

Gallbladder and common bile duct function

A
  • storage of bile
  • convey bile
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8
Q

Páncreas location:

A
  • lies retroperitoneal except tail
  • neck lies in the transpyloric plane
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9
Q

Pancreas relations:
- anterior
- posterior
- medial
- lateral

A
  • anterior: stomach, SMA(uncinate process), SMV (uncinate process)
  • posterior: L1-3, abdominal aorta, superior mesenteric artery (neck), IVC, superior mesenteric vein (neck)
  • Medial: duodenum (head and uncinate process)
  • Lateral: spleen (tail)
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10
Q

Pancreas

A
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11
Q

Pancreas features:

A
  • head
  • uncinate process (projection from head)
  • neck
  • body
  • tail
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12
Q

Pancreas function:

A
  • endocrine: glucagon, insulin secretion
  • exocrine: pancreatic digestive enzymes: main pancreatic duct, accessory pancreatic duct more so than the minor duodenal papilla
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13
Q

Spleen location:

A
  • superolateral UCQ
  • left hypochondriac
  • ribs 9-11
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14
Q

Spleen Relations:
- anterior
- posterior
- inferior
- medial

A
  • anterior: stomach (gastrosplenic ligament)
  • posterior: left hemidiaphram
  • inferior: splenic flex her
  • medial: left kidney (so Lenore all ligament)
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15
Q

Spleen location

A
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16
Q

Spleen Features:

A
  • diaphragmatic surface
  • hilum
  • superoanterior notched border
  • inferoposterior smooth border
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17
Q

Spleen function:

A
  • haemopoietic (red pulp= sinusoids) for storage of RBC and platelets, phagocytosis of defective RBC
  • lymphoid (white pulp) for storage of T and B lymphocytes and macrophages
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18
Q

Spleen features

A
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19
Q

Biliary Tree

A
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20
Q

Biliary Tree: Hepatic Part: Ducts:

A
  • right and left hepatic ducts join to form the
  • common hepatic duct, the cystic duct joins to form
  • the common bile duct
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21
Q

Biliary Tree: Hepatopancreatic part: Structures:

A
  • main pancreatic duct + common bile duct join to form
  • the hepatopancreatic ampulla (of Vater)
  • which has the hepatopancreatic sphincter of Oddi
  • after which lies the major duodenal papilla (2nd part
    of duodenum)
22
Q

Biliary Tree

A
23
Q

Lesser Omentum arises from

A

development and rotation of foregut

24
Q

Lesser omentum is:
- a single fold of peritoneum
- a double fold of peritoneum
- a triple fold of peritoneum

A

a double fold of peritoneum

25
Q

Lesser Omentum: Ligaments:

A
  • hepatoduodenal ligament
  • hepatogastric ligament
26
Q

Lesser omentum and ligaments: Label lesser omentum and boundaries and ligaments:

A
27
Q

Omental foramen (epiploic foramen, foramen of Winslow) is

A

a communication between the greater and lesser sacs

28
Q

Omental foramen: boundaries:
- anterior
- posterior
- superior
- inferior

A
  • anterior: hepatoduodenal ligament and portal triad
  • posterior: IVC, right crus diaphragm
  • superior: caudate lobe
  • inferior: 1st part of duodenum
29
Q

Omental foramen

A
30
Q

Sphincter of Oddi controls

A

the amount of bile secreted into the duodenum

31
Q

Which artery supplies the gallbladder and where does it arise from?

A
  • cystic artery
  • coeliac trunk gives off common hepatic artery, which
    turns into hepatic artery proper, which splits into the
    right and left hepatic artery; the right hepatic artery
    gives off the cystic artery
32
Q

The common bile duct is supplied with blood from which arteries?

A
  • the right hepatic artery
  • posterior superior and inferior pancreaticduodenal
    arteries
33
Q

The right hepatic artery supplies the common bile duct. Where does the right hepatic artery arise from?

A

the coeliac trunk gives off the common hepatic artery, which becomes the hepatic artery proper, which splits into the right and left hepatic artery

34
Q

Venous drainage of the gallbladder and common bile duct:

A
  • cystic veins
  • which drain into the portal vein
35
Q

Lymphatics of the gallbladder and common bile duct:

A
  • cystic lymph nodes
  • which drain into coeliac lymph nodes
36
Q

Innervation of the gallbladder and common bile duct:

A
  • Coeliac plexus:
    - Parasympathetic: Vagus (CNX)
    - Sympathetic: Greater and Lesser splanchnic (T5-
    9,10/11)
    - Somatosensory: phrenic nerves
37
Q

Referred pain from the gallbladder and common bile duct

A

C3-5
sometimes neck and shoulders
because phrenic nerve

38
Q

Gallbladder and common bile duct

A
39
Q

gallbladder and common bile duct

A
40
Q

Where are cystic lymph nodes and coeliac lymph nodes?

A
41
Q

Pancreas blood supply

A

coeliac trunk gives off common hepatic artery which gives off gastroduodenal artery before becoming the hepatic artery proper. Gastroduodenal artery givess of pancreaticduodenal artery anterior and posterior superior arteries

Inferiorly, coming off the superior mesenteric artery is the pancreaticduodenal artery inferiorly anterior and posterior

42
Q

Venous drainage of the pancreas:

A
  • pancreatic veins drain into the splenic vein
  • pancreatic veins can also drain into the superior
    mesenteric vein
  • splenic and superior mesenteric vein join to form the
    portal vein
43
Q

Lymphatics of pancreas:

A

pancreaticosplenic lymph nodes drain into coeliac lymph nodes

44
Q

Innervation of the Prancreas:

A
  • Coeliac plexus:
  • Parasympathetic: Vagus (CNX)
  • Sympathetic: Greater and lesser splanchnic (T5-
    9,T10/11)
45
Q

Pancreas neurovasculature:

A
46
Q

Pancreas neuorvasculature

A
47
Q

Blood supply to the spleen:

A
  • splenic artery
  • arises from the coeliac trunk
48
Q

Venous drainage of the spleen:

A
  • splenic vein joins with superior mesenteric vein to
    form the portal vein
49
Q

Lymphatics of the spleen:

A

pancreaticosplenic lymph nodes which drain into coeliac nodes

50
Q

Innervation of the spleen:

A
  • Coeliac Plexus:
    • Parasympathetic: Vagus (CNX)
    • Sympathetic: Greater and Lesser splanchnic (T5-
      9/T10/11)
51
Q

Spleen neurovasculature

A

NME (52 decks)

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