Chapter 25 - Eukaryotic Diversity

Question 1

diploid cell formed by fusion of two gametes

Answer 1

zygote

Question 2

organism that lives in closely evolved association with another species

Answer 2

symbiont

Question 3

close interaction that evolved between species that live together independently

Answer 3

symbiosis

Question 4

A symbiosis in which one partner lives within the other

Answer 4

endosymbiosis

Question 5

An organism with cells having a nucleus but lacking other features specific to plants, animals, or fungi

Answer 5

protists

Question 6

a photosynthetic protist

Answer 6

algae

Question 7

unicellular eukaryotes that have a relatively complex internal structure and carry out complex metabolic activities

Answer 7

protozoa

Question 8

One of seven major groups of eukaryotic organisms, classified by molecular sequence comparisons.

Answer 8

superkingdoms

Question 9

A superkingdom that encompasses animals, fungi, and related protists

Answer 9

Opisthokonta

Question 10

The closest protistan relatives of animals; mostly unicellular protists characterized by a ring of microvilli around the cell’s single flagellum

Answer 10

choanoflagellates

Question 11

A superkingdom of eukaryotes with amoeba-like cells that move and gather food by means of pseudopodia

Answer 11

Amoebozoa

Question 12

Containing many nuclei within one giant cell; the nucleus divides multiple times, but the nuclei are not partitioned into individual cells

Answer 12

coenocytic

Question 13

A eukaryotic superkingdom including unicellular organisms, giant kelps, algae, protozoa, free-living cells, and parasites; distinguished by a flagellum with two rows of stiff hairs and, usually, a second, smooth flagellum.

Answer 13

stramenopila

Question 14

A eukaryotic superkingdom, defined by the presence of cortical alveoli, small vesicles that, in some species, store calcium ions. Includes ciliates, dinoflagellates, and apicomplexans

Answer 14

alveolata

Question 15

microscopic fossil, includes fossil of bacteria and protists

Answer 15

microfossils

Question 16

state of having or being composed of many cells or more than one cell performing different functions

Answer 16

multicellularity

Question 17

The most diverse eukaryotic superkingdom is:

Answer 17

Opisthokonta

Question 18

Photosynthetic protists are informally referred to as:

Answer 18

algae

Question 19

Photosynthesis occurs in many branches of the eukaryotic tree.

Answer 19

True

Question 20

A biological relationship where one organism lives within the other is called an ____.

Answer 20

endosymbiosis

Question 21

Unlike the rigid protein framework in bacteria, a eukaryotic cell’s ____ can be remodeled quickly, enabling the cell to change its shape.

Answer 21

cytoskeleton