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PoHS > Unit 7: Review > Flashcards

Unit 7: Review Flashcards

1
Q

What should you put on before patient contact, usually before entering the room?

A

gloves

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2
Q

When a person is infected with the Hepatitis C virus, approximately how long might the illness slowly progress with no physical signs of illness?

A

a decade or two

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3
Q

When you use _____ precautions, you are protecting against bloodborne illnesses

A

standard

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4
Q

Maintenance personnel outside the hospital can also be at risk from needles or medical waste that is not properly:

A

disposed of

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5
Q

Employers need to protect workers from bloodborne pathogens, as mandated by:

A

OSHA

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6
Q

How are bloodborne pathogens generally transmitted from one person to another?

A

direct contact with blood or sexual contact

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7
Q

In what kind of setting can frequent close contact with someone who has Hepatitis B cause transmission?

A

residential setting

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8
Q

The word “hepatitis” means inflammation of the:

A

liver

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9
Q

If a person infected with a bloodborne pathogen shares a drinking fountain, toilet, or shower with a person who is not infected with a bloodborne pathogen, what will happen to the uninfected person?

A

nothing

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10
Q

What do employers call a written plan to eliminate or minimize exposure that is updated annually and includes a list of tasks and procedures that risk exposure and which jobs involve those tasks?

A

Exposure Control Plan

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11
Q

What kind of labels must be on containers of waste, sharps containers, refrigerators that contain blood or other fluids, contaminated equipment, or laundry?

A

Warning label

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12
Q

Sharps disposal containers, self-sheathing needles, and safer medical devices are all examples of equipment that is _____ to help prevent exposure.

A

engineered

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13
Q

What are some examples of personal protective equipment that employers are required to provide to workers at no cost?

A

Gloves,gowns,masks,face shield

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14
Q

What type of professionals are at a much higher risk for some of the most common infections and diseases in the United States because they come into contact with blood much more often than other professionals?

A

blood borne disease

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15
Q

What is the most powerful tool to reduce your chances of catching an illness in any setting?

A

hand washing

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16
Q

Anticipated exposure, durability and appropriateness, and proper fit are the three factors that should be considered when choosing:

A

PPE(personal protective equipment)

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17
Q

In healthcare, what will be the most common type of PPE that you will use?

A

gloves

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18
Q

A basic principle for all infection control practices is to work from _____ to _____. This means that you should touch unsoiled body sites before you touch contaminated areas.

A

clean to dirty

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19
Q

Powder used to be used in gloves to make them easier to get on, but the powder was banned by the FDA in 2017. Why was the powder banned?

A

It caused irritation in patients and healthcare workers

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20
Q

Patient care activities require the use of one of what three types of gloves?

A

nitrile,vinyl, or latex gloves

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21
Q

When should sharps containers be emptied and changed in order to avoid overflowing?

A

When the containers ⅔ full

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22
Q

For any exposure incident, employers must provide evaluation and _____ care to workers at no cost.

A

healthcare

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23
Q

What three specific bloodborne diseases are the primary concern when discussing how to protect healthcare workers from occupational exposure?

A

Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C, HIV

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24
Q

What term refers to an accidental stab wound with a needle that may contain blood or body fluids?

A

needlestick

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25
Q

When you insert a needle into a patient or remove it from the person’s skin are the two moments of _____ risk for a needlestick

A

high

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26
Q

When any eye, mouth, mucous membrane, or non-intact skin come into contact with blood or other potentially infectious material, what kind of incident is it?

A

exposure incident

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27
Q

Make sure that there is a sharps disposal container at _____ level and within reach of where you are using a sharp.

A

eye

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28
Q

What term refers to a preventative medical treatment given after exposure to a pathogen?

A

Post-exposure prophylaxis(PEP)

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29
Q

Contaminated laundry should not be _____ or _____.

A

shaken or agitated

30
Q

or surgical or any invasive procedures, special sterile gloves are used, and there are times when workers need to wear _____ gloves for surgery.

A

double

31
Q

Contaminated laundry should be placed in ____ bags or containers and properly labeled so all workers will know to use precautions.

A

waste

32
Q

When irrigating a wound or suctioning considerable secretions, it is necessary to use something that covers from forehead to below the chin, plus around the sides of the face. What is this called?

A

face shield

33
Q

What term refers to devices worn over the mouth and nose to filter out hazardous substances such as pathogens or noxious chemicals?

A

repirators

34
Q

Why should you never carry laundry bags against your body or squeeze them?

A

body fluids

35
Q

If linens and surfaces are contaminated with ____ they can be a source of infection for bloodborne pathogens.

A

bodily fluids

36
Q

What term refers to an apparatus for sterilizing using high pressure and steam?

A

autoclave

37
Q

In order to offer optimal protection, how should gloves fit around the wrist?

A

fit snugly around the wrist and be comfortable to be most protective

38
Q

If you are unvaccinated, what are your chances of contracting Hepatitis B from a sharps incident?

A

1 in 5

39
Q

One of the three basic routes of exposure to bloodborne pathogens happens through the skin, which is referred to as:

A

Percutaneous

40
Q

Protecting your face is very important if there is a chance of contact with infectious agents because your eyes, nose, and mouth all have _____ membranes vulnerable to pathogens.

A

mucous

41
Q

When infected fluid touches the thin skin surfaces of the inside parts of the body, exposure is referred to as:

A

mucosal

42
Q

If fluid penetration is likely, what kind of gown should be used?

A

fluid-resistant

43
Q

What are infections that are passed on by having unprotected sex referred to as?

A

sexually transmitted infections (STIs)

44
Q

When an infection has a sudden and severe onset and short duration, it can be referred to as:

A

acute

45
Q

Cotton gowns can be laundered and reused, while ____ gowns are disposable.

A

spun synthetic

46
Q

What civil rights law was enacted in 1990 that protects people with disabilities from discrimination in public life?

A

Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)

47
Q

Diseases that cause any physical function or impair the ____ system are considered disabilities for the purposes of the ADA law.

A

immune

48
Q

In a laboratory setting, when infectious materials or animals are present, what kind of signs must be posted on all doors?

A

Biohazard

49
Q

Infectious waste needs to be disposed of in accordance with what applicable regulations?

A

federal, state, and local

50
Q

After an incident occurs, how long until PEP should be started?

A

should be started as soon as possible after the incident and within one to two hours is ideal

51
Q

T/F:There are some very common diseases that often don’t cause any symptoms, sometimes for years, but can still be transmitted between people.

A

true

52
Q

T/F:Up to 80 percent of people who are infected with the Hepatitis C virus (HCV) show many symptoms of the disease immediately after being infected.

A

false

53
Q

T/F:Bodily fluids that may contain pathogens include blood, semen, vaginal secretions, non-intact skin, and various types of bodily tissues.

A

true

54
Q

T/F:If a worker has touched fluid that is infected, even with gloves on, and then touches their mouth, nose, or eyes, this cannot transmit a virus.

A

false

55
Q

T/F:Many people who are infected with a bloodborne pathogen have no symptoms and therefore don’t have any idea that they might be infected.

A

true

56
Q

T/F:In order to be at risk for a needlestick, you must be the person who is actually using a needle to be at risk for a bloodborne disease.

A

false

57
Q

T/F:Workers need regular training on bloodborne pathogens and diseases, methods to control exposure, and post-exposure procedures.

A

true

58
Q

T/F:Bloodborne pathogens are generally transmitted through feces, sweat, nasal secretions, urine, tears, and vomit.

A

false

59
Q

T/F:Latex allergies are common, so many facilities have also moved away from using latex.

A

true

60
Q

T/F:It is completely safe to wear one pair of gloves for an entire shift in a healthcare facility, not changing them in between patients.

A

false

61
Q

T/F:An air filtration system is required for labs that work with infectious materials.

A

true

62
Q

T/F:Prescription lenses are all the protection that is needed from spraying fluids.

A

false

63
Q

T/F:When you insert a needle into a patient or remove it from the person’s skin are two moments of high risk for a needlestick.

A

true

64
Q

T/F:Although HIV testing is offered for free in most places, it is never confidential and all results must be reported to the CDC with a name and personal information.

A

false

65
Q

T/F:Certain times during the course of a procedure pose a higher risk for a sharps injury, so extra alertness and caution are necessary.

A

true

66
Q

T/F:You should never put your fingers in the sharps container, and if there is tubing attached to the needle, hold both needle and tubing as you put them in the container.

A

true

67
Q

T/F:Washing gloves removes all the microorganisms and does not make the gloves prone to tearing or leaking.

A

false

68
Q

T/F:Employers are not required to make HBV vaccinations available to all workers who might have workplace exposure.

A

false

69
Q

T/F:All pathogens that cause disease have the ability to float through the air for transmission.

A

false

70
Q

T/F:Soiled gloves should not touch anything else—your face, a surface, a light switch, a door knob, etc.

A

true

PoHS (14 decks)

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