Exam 4 - Lecture 9 Flashcards

1
Q

Review the basic properties of RNA viruses

A

Viruses that have either a ssRNA or dsRNA genome and use viral RdRp to replicate their
genome
- genome is either linear or circular

Most replicate in the cytosol

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2
Q

Reoviruses general
- What is special about their genomes and capsids?

A

segmented genomes enclosed in double icosahedral capsids

all are naked viruses, and some have glycoproteins embedded in the capsid (very rare)

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3
Q

Reoviruses general
- How do they get into cells and why don’t they fully uncoat?

A

Enter via endocytosis and escape the endosome

They never fully uncut their genome because they don’t want their genome to activate dsRNA cellular immunity

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4
Q

Reoviruses general
- What does the genome look like when it is packaged?
- Why is their budding process strange?

A

Initially package just +sense RNA into inner capsids, and makes the -sense strand inside the capsid

Some bud into the ER and obtain a temporary envelope that has glycoproteins, and keeps the glycoproteins that it acquires during this when it escapes from the membrane

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5
Q

Reoviruses – rotavirus
- What do the virions look like?
- What disease does it cause?
- How is it transmitted and how contagious is it?

A

Virions look like wheels (rota = wheel)

Causes severe watery diarrhea, transmitted by the fecal-oral route (diarrhea releases virions into water sources, onto hands,
and onto objects, and those enter into another person’s mouth)

Highly contagious, with only 100 virions needed

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6
Q

Reoviruses – rotavirus
- What causes the diarrhea?
- What functions does NSP4 have?

A

Diarrhea occurs as a result of viral-induced death of intestinal enterocytes, disruption of tight junctions, and combined effects of the viral enterotoxin NSP4

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7
Q

Reoviruses – rotavirus
- What functions does NSP4 have?

A

NSP4 alters cytosolic Ca2+ levels which triggers the opening of Cl- channels in the PM
- also blocks reabsorption of glucose and water
- induces lactose intolerance

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8
Q

Reoviruses – blue-tongue
- What disease does it produce (symptoms)?
- How is it transmitted?
- What cells do they infect and what happens to those cells?

A
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9
Q

Reoviruses – blue-tongue
- What disease does it produce (symptoms)?
- How is it transmitted?
- What cells do they infect and what happens to those cells?

A
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10
Q

Reoviruses – blue-tongue
- What disease does it produce (symptoms)?
- How is it transmitted?
- What cells do they infect and what happens to those cells?

A
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11
Q

Know basics about + sense RNA viruses

A
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12
Q

Picornaviruses
- Know its unique structural characteristics

A
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13
Q

Picornaviruses - Poliovirus
- What is special about the virion itself?
- How is the virus transmitted?
- What types of symptoms are commonly/uncommonly seen?
- What types of paralysis occur as a result of infection?

A
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14
Q

Picornaviruses - Poliovirus
- What is special about the virion itself?
- How is the virus transmitted?
- What types of symptoms are commonly/uncommonly seen?
- What types of paralysis occur as a result of infection?

A
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15
Q

Picornaviruses - Poliovirus
- What is special about the virion itself?
- How is the virus transmitted?
- What types of symptoms are commonly/uncommonly seen?
- What types of paralysis occur as a result of infection?

A
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16
Q

Picornaviruses - Poliovirus
- What is special about the virion itself?
- How is the virus transmitted?
- What types of symptoms are commonly/uncommonly seen?
- What types of paralysis occur as a result of infection?

A
17
Q

Picornaviruses - Poliovirus
- Understand its path from the mouth to the CNS

A
18
Q

Picornaviruses - Poliovirus
- What does the virus do in the CNS (what types of cells are targeted/destroyed)?

A
19
Q

Picornaviruses - Rhinoviruses
- What symptoms do they cause?
- Why are there so many serotypes?
- Understand its pathogenesis (cells targeted, what happens to them, role of the immune system, etc)

A
20
Q

Picornaviruses - Rhinoviruses
- What symptoms do they cause?
- Why are there so many serotypes?
- Understand its pathogenesis (cells targeted, what happens to them, role of the immune system, etc)

A
21
Q

Picornaviruses - Rhinoviruses
- What symptoms do they cause?
- Why are there so many serotypes?
- Understand its pathogenesis (cells targeted, what happens to them, role of the immune system, etc)

A
22
Q

Picornaviruses - HAV
- What disease does it cause and how is it transmitted? Is it chronic or acute?
- How does it get from the mouth to the liver?
- What does it do to the hepatocytes and what causes most of the tissue damage?

A
23
Q

Picornaviruses - HAV
- What disease does it cause and how is it transmitted? Is it chronic or acute?
- How does it get from the mouth to the liver?
- What does it do to the hepatocytes and what causes most of the tissue damage?

A
24
Q

Picornaviruses - HAV
- What disease does it cause and how is it transmitted? Is it chronic or acute?
- How does it get from the mouth to the liver?
- What does it do to the hepatocytes and what causes most of the tissue damage?

A
25
Q

Picornaviruses - FMD and HFMD
- Know the similarities and differences between the two viruses in terms of host, disease symptoms, transmission, etc.

A
26
Q

Picornaviruses - FMD and HFMD
- Know the similarities and differences between the two viruses in terms of host, disease symptoms, transmission, etc.

A
27
Q

Coronaviruses
- What do the virions look like?
- What general species are infected and what types of diseases do they cause?

A
28
Q

Coronaviruses
- What do the virions look like?
- What general species are infected and what types of diseases do they cause?

A
29
Q

Coronaviruses - SARS and MERS
- What are the disease symptoms and how are they transmitted?
- Where did MERS-CoV come from originally?

A
30
Q

Coronaviruses - SARS and MERS
- What are the disease symptoms and how are they transmitted?
- Where did MERS-CoV come from originally?

A
31
Q

Flaviviruses
- What are structural features of the virions and how are most transmitted?

A