Ls Ms Ns Ps Rs

Question 1

Labour

Answer 1

The workforce or workers as opposed to employers or owners of factories and other industrial enterprises.

Question 2

Laissez faire

Answer 2

A belief that the government should not interfere in the economy and that businesses and owners should be allowed to manage their affairs free from regulation.

Question 3

Case Lochner v. New York 1905.

Answer 3

Ruling declared it unconstitutional to impose a ten hour day on workers as it violated their right to determine how long they worked.

Question 4

Case Lone Wolf v. Hitchcock 1903

Answer 4

Legal case against US government taken up by Lone Wolf the Kiowa Chief over the government ignoring the agreements made in Medicine Lodge Treaty of 1867. The ruling in the case was that Congress could revoke all treaties which allowed the acquisition of more Indian lands.

Question 5

Manifest destiny

Answer 5

Belief that it was Americans god given right to settle in the rest of the continent. The term was first used in 1845 in the magazine Democratic Review ‘the fulfillment of our manifest destiny is to overspread the continent allocated by Providence for the free development of our yearly multiplying millions.

Question 6

Medicine Lodge Treaty 1867

Answer 6

Treaty that established reservation lands for the Kiowa and Comanche tribes. It stated that the agreement of fourth-fifths of the tribes’ males would be needed to change the terms but later the government ignored this leading the Lone Wolf case.

Question 7

Molly Maguire’s

Answer 7

Irish immigrant miners who formed a secret society to fight for better working conditions. They were involved in a number of strikes in 1873 which led to the organisation being infiltrated and 19 men arrested and hanged.

Question 8

Monopoly

Answer 8

Where one firm controls the market for particular goods

Question 9

NAACP

Answer 9

National Advancement Association for Coloured People. Founded in 1909 and was the first successful nationwide civil rights organisation to campaign for African American rights and gain support from both African American and white people.

Question 10

Nation of Islam

Answer 10

An African American religious organisation founded in 1930.

Question 11

NCAI - National Congress of American Indians

Answer 11

This was established in 1944 by a group of educated Native Americans from 50 tribes.

Question 12

National guard

Answer 12

US states as well as having police forces have volunteer part time military forces which are used in emergencies. They are controlled by the governors of the individual states.

Question 13

National Industry Recovery Act 1933

Answer 13

This Act established the National Recovery Administration. The aim was to bring about co-operation between workers and employers and agreement on working practices. Workers were given the right to organise unions and take part in collective bargaining.

Question 14

NLRB -National Labour Relations Board

Answer 14

This was established in 1935 and is the government agency responsible for dealing with unfair labour practices in the private sector.

Question 15

National War Labour Board

Answer 15

First created by President Wilson in 1918 to settle disputes between workers and employers. This ensured that war production would not be interrupted by strikes. It was set up again in 1941 and controlled wage increases.

Question 16

Native American Religious Freedom Act 1975

Answer 16

This gave them the right to exercise their traditional religions. It also gave them access to sacred sites.

Question 17

New Deal

Answer 17

The early period of Roosevelt’s presidency from 1933 to 1939 during which time a large number of reforms were passed to tackle the economic and social problems caused by the stock market crash and the resulting Geat Depression.

Question 18

Nomadic

Answer 18

The word describes the way of life of the Plains Indians. They did not have permanent settlements as they followed buffalo herds.

Question 19

Pan African

Answer 19

Belief in the need for unity and solidarity among Africans all over the world.

Question 20

Picketing

Answer 20

During a strike when workers stand outside a place of work to discourage other workers from entering the building.

Question 21

Polygamy.

Answer 21

Having more than one wife. Custom among Native Americans so that all women were cared for by a male which helped ensure the survival of the tribe. Went against Christian beliefs and was used as further evidence of the need to Americanise Native Americans.

Question 22

Prohibition

Answer 22

A ban on creation sale and consumption of alcohol introduced in a constitutional amendment 1919. It had already become law in many states. It was replaced in 1933 after problems with enforcement and increasing evidence that it was a cause of crime as gangsters traded in alcohol illegally.

Question 23

Public accommodations

Answer 23

Areas used by members of the public such as parks washrooms waiting rooms restaurants and so on.

Question 24

PWA - Public Works Administration

Answer 24

Organisation set up during the New Deal to build large scale public works like dams schools roads and hospitals. It was known as the PWA from 1935 and ran until 1944.

Question 25

Pullman strike 1894

Answer 25

Although Pullman claimed to be a model employer an economic downturn resulted in it laying off a third of its workforce and cutting wages. It led to a strike and federal troops were sent in to break it. Union members were arrested and leaders did not get their jobs back.

Question 26

Reconstruction

Answer 26

The process of rebuilding and reforming the 11 Confederate States and restoring them to the union after the civil war.

Question 27

Red power

Answer 27

Term used to describe young Native Americans in the mid to late 1960s who responded to the example of black power and started to assert their rights.

Question 28

Red scare

Answer 28

Fear of communism that followed the Russian Revolution of 1917. It led to measures against left wing organisations and suspicion of anyone with left wing beliefs.