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SPI > Final > Flashcards

Final Flashcards

1
Q

What do waves transfer from one location to another/

A

Energy

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2
Q

Which of the following terms does not belong?
A. compression
B. region of high density
C. region of high pressure
D. wide molecular spacing

A

D

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3
Q

Variations in all of the following identify specific waves as acoustic waves except:
Pressure
Parameters
Density
Acoustic variables

A

parameters

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4
Q

What kind of waves are soundwaves?

A

mechanical, longitudinal, pressure waves

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5
Q

All of the following are acoustic parameters except:
Pressure
Period
Propagation speed
Frequency

A

Pressure

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6
Q

Which types of waves will exhibit both constructive and destructive interefence?
A. waves of different amplitude
B. a pair of longitudinal waves
C. waves of different frequency
D. out of phase waves

A

C

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7
Q

What units are used to report the pressure of a sound beam?

A

pascals

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8
Q

Which of the following waves is infrasonic?
4 MHz
400 kHz
28 Hz
2 Hz

A

2 Hz, below 20=infra

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9
Q

Which wave is ultrasonic?
400 mHz
4 MHz
28 Hz
2 Hz

A

4 MHz, greater than 20,000=ultra

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10
Q

Which of these is ultrasonic and most useful diagnostically?
400 MHz
4 MHz
2 kHz
200,000 Hz

A

4 MHz

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11
Q

Identify all waves that are inaudible
4 MHz
400 kHz
28 Hz
2 Hz

A

4 MHz, 400 kHz, 2 Hz

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12
Q

Which of the following waves has the longest period?
2 MHz
4,000 Hz
6 Hz
1 kHz

A

6 Hz

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13
Q

Of the four waves whose periods are listed below, which has the highest frequency?
8 s
80 microseconds
8 Ms
800 ks

A

80 microseconds

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14
Q

Of the four waves whose frequencies are listed below, which has the shortest period?
12 kHz
6,000 Hz
205 Hz
1 kHz

A

12 kHz

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15
Q

What parameter is determined by both the source and the medium?

A

wavelength

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16
Q

What two characteristics of a medium determine the speed of sound?

A

stiffness and density
increased stiffness = increased speed
increased density = decreased speed

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17
Q

T or F: If the amplitude of a wave is increased to 3 times its original value, the intensity is increased by 6 times.

A

False, intensity is proportional to amplitude squared, intensity would increase by a factor of 9

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18
Q

T or F: If the power of a wave is halved, the intensity is reduced to 1/4 is original value

A

False, if power is halved, intensity is halved

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19
Q

T or F: Propagation speed increases as frequency increases

A

False

20
Q

Medium 1 has a density of 9 and a stiffness of 6. Medium 2 has a density of 8 and a stiffness of 6. In which medium will sound travel slower?

A

Medium 1

21
Q

If the power in a beam is 1 watt and the area is 5 sq cm, what is the beam’s intensity?
5 W/sq cm
1 W/sq cm
0.2 W/sq cm
1 Watt

A

0.2 W/cm sq

22
Q

If intensity remains the same while the power is doubled, what has happened to the beam area?
A. quadrupled
B. doubled
C. halved
D. unchanged

A

B

23
Q

A sound beam travels a total of 10 cm in 2 seconds. What is the speed of the sound?
A. 10 cm/sec
B. 2 cm/sec
C. 5 cm/sec
D. 0.2 cm/sec

A

C. 10 cm/2 s = 5 cm/s

24
Q

T or F: Propagation speed increases as frequency increases

A

False

25
Q

T or F: Propagation speed increases as frequency decreases

A

False

26
Q

T or F: Propagation speed does not change as frequency increases

A

True

27
Q

What is the wavelength of 3 MHz sound in soft tissue?
A. 0.51 m
B. 0.51 km
C. 0.51 mm
D. 0.51 nm
E. 0.51 micrometers

A

C

28
Q

What is the wavelength of 2 MHz sound in soft tissue?
A. 1.54 mm
B. 0.77 mm
C. 0.51 mm
D. 1.54 km/s
E. 3.08 mm

A

B.
1.54/2 MHz = 0.77

29
Q

Which of the following are considered acoustic variables?
A. frequency
B. density
C. particle motion
D. temperature
E. period
F. pressure

A

B, C, F

30
Q

Which of the following are considered acoustic parameters?
A. frequency
B. density
C. distance
D. pressure
E. period

A

A, E

31
Q

The effects of tissue on sound waves are called

A

acoustic propagation properties

32
Q

Which of these values for PRF would have the longest PRP?
A. 2 kHz
B. 4,000 Hz
C. 6 Hz
D. 1 kHz

A

C

33
Q

Which of the following four waves has the highest PRF based on PRP?
A. 8 s
B. 80 ms
C. 5 ms
D. 400 ks

A

C

34
Q

Which of these pulses with PRF listed below has the shortest PRP?
A. 12 kHz
B. 6000 Hz
C. 20 kHz
D. 1 kHz

A

C

35
Q

Four waves have PRPs as listed. Which wave has the lowest PRF?
A. 8 s
B. 80 microseconds
C. 8000 ns
D. 800 ms

A

A

36
Q

T or F: Two waves can have identical PRFs, even if their PRPs are different

A

False

37
Q

T or F: Two waves can have identical PRFs even if their periods are different

A

True

38
Q

T or F: Two waves can have identical PRFs, even if their frequencies are different

A

True

39
Q

T or F: PRF and PRP are determined only by imaging depth.

A

True

40
Q

If all other factors remain unchanged, what happens to duty factor when the PRF increases?

A

increases

41
Q

If all other factors remain unchanged, what happens to the duty factor when imaging depth increases?

A

Decreases

42
Q

If all other factors remain the same, what happens to the duty factor when the PRP increases?

A

Decreases

43
Q

If all other factors remain unchanged, what happens to the duty factor when the sonographer uses a new transducer with a longer pulse duration?

A

increases

44
Q

What is the duty factor if the pulse duration is 1 microsecond and the PRP is 1 ms?
A. 100%
B. 0.1
C. 0.01
D. 0.001

A

D

45
Q

Which of the following terms does not belong?
A. high duty factor
B. shallow imaging
C. low PRF
D. short PRP

A

C

SPI (9 decks)

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