Evidence based Flashcards
Most reliable- least reliable studies?
Most reliable- least reliable
-systematic review metanalysis
-RCT (experimental)
-Cohort studies (observation analytical)
-Case control (observation analytical)
-Cross sectional (observational analytical)
-Case series/ reports (observational descriptive)
Ideas, opinions, editorials and anecdotal
what study is best for determining prevelance of a disease in population?
Cross sectional
selection bias
E
what type of study is a longitudinal study where study participants are followed over a period of time?
Cohort study
what are the phases of clinical trials?
Phase I- clinical pharmacology, measuring dosage + safety (healthy participants needed)
Phase II- initial clinical assessment using diseased participants to measure effectiveness + common adverse effects
Phase III- Rigorous testing and randomised controlled study (using 100- 1000s of participants)
Phase IV- post marketing surveillance to look for long term adverse effects
what is external validity?
the extent to which one can approximately apply the results to the population
what is a case control study?
you are selecting your subjects based on their disease
-reviewing their records
-identifying what they have been exposed to/ not exposed to and how this is affecting their disease?
test sensitivity
how is sensitivity calculated?
sensitivity= number of people who tested positive for disease with disease/ total number of people who tested positive for disease
x 100
(it measures how well the test detects having the disease)
type 1 vs type 2 error?
type 1- false positive
type 2- false negative
