Evolution of life on Earth Flashcards

1
Q

How do we know how life evolved on Earth?

A
  • analysing DNA and fossils directly
  • indirect fossils which show evidence of of processes life carries out
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2
Q

What fraction is life on land of Earths history?

A

1/10

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3
Q

When is the first evidence of eukaryotic life on Earth?

A

2 billion years ago

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4
Q

What is the most abundant biomass on Earth?

A

microbial life

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5
Q

When was the late heavy bombardenment?

A

8.5 billion years ago

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6
Q

What is temperature impacted by?

A

the albedo and the green house effect

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7
Q

What are the two main reactions on Earth today?

A

aerobic respiration and oxygenic photosynthesis

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8
Q

What were the metabolisms of early organisms on Earth?

A

methanogenesis and anoxygeneic photosynthesis

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9
Q

Describe methanogenesis

A

Use of carbon dioxide and hydrogen to produce methane and water

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10
Q

Describe anoxygenic photosynthesis

A

Doesn’t produce oxygen, other organisms had to use fermentation to produce energy which produced methane

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11
Q

What did early metabolisms cause?

A

A methane rich atmosphere which helped maintain the warm temperature and a habitable planet

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12
Q

When did oxygen become rich in the atmosphere?

A

2.3 billion years ago

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13
Q

What allowed the formation of new organisms?

A

the great oxidation event

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14
Q

What is the Cambrian explosion?

A

the introduction of many different phyla of animal

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15
Q

What are the critical steps for life to evolve?

A
  • origin of life
  • photosynthesis
  • eukaryotic differentiation
  • observers evolving
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