Ch 6 Health And Wellness Flashcards
What is the Health Belief Model (HBM)
Theory designed to exclusively predict health behaviors based on the constructs of:
Perceived susceptibility
Perceived severity
Perceived benefits
Perceived costs
Cues to action
Self- efficacy
What are the three areas the Health Promotion Model focuses on?
- Individual characteristics and experiences
- Behavior specific conditions and effect.
- Behavioral outcome is commit or change behavior
What are the 5 levels of Maslow’s Hierarchy of need?
- Physiological Needs
ABC, Water, Food, Shelter, Clothing,Warmth,Sleep, Sex. - Safety needs
protection from elements, security, order, law and stability.
3.Love and belonging
friendship, intimacy, trust, acceptance, receiving and giving affection and love. - Self- Esteem
- Self- Actualization
Health Promotion
Maintain or enhance present health
Health Education
Providing information on physical awareness, stress management, and self responsibility to improve health.
Illness prevention
Activities that protect patients from actual or potential risks to health such as immunizations and blood pressure screenings
What are the three levels of prevention?
- Primary - true prevention. Reduce the incidence of disease through health education and promotion
- Secondary - focuses on preventing the spread of disease, illness or infection once it occurs, reducing severity and returning patient to normal health
- Tertiary - when defect or disability is permanent or irreversible through minimizing effects of disease through intervention and preventing complications and deterioration.
Risk Factor
Attribute, quality environmental situation, or trait that increases the vulnerability of individual or group to an illness or accident.
What are the two types of risk factors?
Modifiable - Can be modified such as poor diet, obesity, smoking, physical inactivity, lack of sleep.
No modifiable - Age, Gender, Genetics, and Family History.
What are the 5 stages of Transtheoretical Model of Change
1.Precontemplation No intent to make change, unaware, not interested, or underestimates
2. Contemplation Considering a change, ambivalent, or considering change
3. Preparation Making small changes in preparation, unsuccessful previous attempts, advantages outweigh disadvantages
4. Action Actively engaged in strategies to change, committed
5. Maintenance changes integrated into lifestyle.
Acute Disease
Reversible and has a short duration
Chronic Disease
Last more than 6 months, is irreversible, and affects functioning in one or more systems.
A patient discharged a week ago following a stroke is currently participating in rehabilitation sessions provided by nurses, physical therapists, and registered dietitians in an outpatient setting. In what level of prevention is the patient participating?
- Primary prevention
- Secondary prevention
- Tertiary prevention
- Transtheoretical prevention
- Tertiary prevention
Based on the Transtheoretical Model of Change, what is the most appropriate response to a patient who states: “Me, stop smoking? I’ve been smoking since I was 16!”
1. “That’s fine. Some people who smoke live a long life.”
2. “OK. I want you to decrease the number of cigarettes you smoke by one each day, and I’ll see you in 1 month.”
3. “What do you think is the greatest reason why stopping smoking would be challenging for you?”
4. “I’d like you to attend a smoking-cessation class this week and use nicotine replacement patches as directed.”
- “What do you think is the greatest reason why stopping smoking would be challenging for you?”
The patient is in the precontemplation stage
A nurse working on a medical patient care unit states, “I am having trouble sleeping, and I eat nonstop when I get home. All I can think of when I get to work is how I can’t wait for my shift to be over. I wish I felt happy again.” What are the best responses from the nurse manager? (Select all that apply.)
- “I’m sure this is just a phase you are going through. Hang in there. You’ll feel better soon.”
- “I know several nurses who feel this way every now and then. Tell me about the patients you have cared for recently. Did you find it difficult to care for them?”
- “You can take diphenhydramine over the counter to help you sleep at night.”
- “Describe for me what you do with your time when you are not working.”
- “The hospital just started a group where nurses get together to talk about their feelings. Would you like for me to e-mail the schedule to you?”
2, 4 ,5
