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AMAN - Pharmacy Law and Ethics > Protecting Children and Vulnerable Adults > Flashcards

Protecting Children and Vulnerable Adults Flashcards

1
Q

What does safeguarding entail?

A
  • protecting peoples health, well-being and human rights, enabling them to live free of harm, abuse and neglect.
  • hcp have obligations for safeguarding to due safeguarding vulnerable people - accountability and assurance framework
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2
Q

Who are in the most in need of protection?

A
  • Children and adults at risk
  • Children and Families Act 2014
  • Safeguarding Vulnerable Groups Act 2006
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3
Q

NICE guidance in safe guarding

A

-NICE guidance to support health and social care professionals in recognising and responding to abuse and neglect in people under the age of 18

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4
Q

Pharmacy and safeguarding

A
  • in position to recognise vulnerability, including children
  • duty to make arrangements and safeguard and promote the welfare of those at risk, cooperate with other agencies to provide for these individuals
  • Pharmacy team must know signs of abuse, neglect and exploitation and how to manage these, by knowing the people and organisations to work with
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5
Q

Definition of Abuse

A
  • inflicting harm or by failing to act to prevent harm
  • a form of maltreatment
  • may be in a family or in an institutional or community setting bu those known to them or strangers
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6
Q

Physical abuse

A
  • may involve hitting, shaking, throwing, poisoning, burning, scalding, drowning, to otherwise causing physical harm
  • may also be caused when a parent or carer fabricates the symptoms of or deliberately induces illness
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7
Q

Emotional Abuse

A
  • persistent emotional maltreatment such as to cause severe and persistent adverse effects on emotional development (child)
  • Telling someone they are worthless and unloved
  • may include not giving opportunities to express views or making fun of what they say
  • bullying
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8
Q

Sexual Abuse

A
  • Forcing or enticing a child or young person to take part in sexual activities
  • Rape or assault
  • Grooming
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9
Q

Neglect

A
  • persistent failure to meet basic physical or psychological needs
  • may involve failure to: provide adequate food, clothing, shelter, protect someone from physical and emotional harm, or ensure access to medical care or treatment
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10
Q

Online Sexual Abuse

A
  • Use of technology to manipulate, exploit, coerce or intimidate (a child) to engage in sexual activity
  • no child under age 18 can consent to being abused or explored
  • can involve serious organised crime
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11
Q

Protecting children and young people

A
  • child protection legislation and guidance applied to children until they reach their 18 birthday
  • Some groups are at more risk than others:
  • children with physical or learning disabilities
  • Cultural practices such as FGM
  • Children living away from home
  • Migrant and asylum children
  • Children who’s parents may have been substance abusers, history of DV, mental illness, teenage parents
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12
Q

what are long term effects of abuse?

A
  • emotional difficulties
  • mental health problems
  • Self-harm
  • suicidal thoughts
  • problems with drugs and alcohol
  • relationship difficulties
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13
Q

What are Adverse Childhood Experiences?

A

Serious childhood traumas that result in toxic stress that can harm a Childs brain. Toxic stress may prevent child from learning, playing in a healthy way with other children and can lead to long-term health problems.

  • ACE can include emotional, physical or sexual abuse, bullying, divorce, discrimination.
  • All can lead to risk of pregnancy, ,alcoholism, drug abuse, depression, etc.
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14
Q

Possible signs of Child Abuse

A
  • Injuries which are unusual or unexplained
  • injuries in inaccessible parts
  • bite marks, scalds, fingertip bruising, fracture, hands with slap marks
  • blaming on siblings
  • age of injury inconsistent with what was said by adult
  • repeated injury
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15
Q

Possible signs of Child Neglect

A
  • Failure to thrive (Grow and weight)
  • Poor hygiene, dirty, unkempt
  • Inappropriate food or drink
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16
Q

Possible signs of Child Emotional Abuse

A
  • Evidence of self harm or self mutilation
  • behavioural problems
  • inappropriate verbal abuse
  • threats of harm or abandonment
  • fear of adults or certain adults
17
Q

Possible signs of Child Sexual Abuse

A

-indication of STD
-Evidence of sexual activity or relationship thats inappropriate to Childs age or competence
-

18
Q

Signs of abuse by parent. carer

A

-Delays seeking medical treatment or advice/ reluctant to allow treatment
-detachment form child
-lacks concern at the severity of extent of injury
-is reluctant to give information
aggressive towards child or children

19
Q

What to do if child abuse is suspected

A
  • follow local child protection procedure where available

- You should not attempt to investigate suspicions or allegations of abuse directly. Contact the appropriate people.

20
Q

Sources of advice

A

where you consider the nature of child abuse to be an emergency then the police should be contacted

  • named child protection professional within you organisation, CCG or health board
  • Childs GP
  • Peers or senior colleagues
  • Social Services
  • Police
  • remember to be mindful of data protection
21
Q

Who is a vulnerable adult?

A

a person aged 18 years or over who is or may be in need of community care services by reason of mental or other disability, , age or illness, and who is or may be unable to take care of themselves, or unable to protect themselves against significant harm or exploitation

22
Q

Then Care Act 2014 and Social Services and Wellbeing Act 2014

A

Acts introduced duties and responsibilities on local authority adult social services as the lead agencies in protecting adults at risk
-gives public services and gov clear responsibility to make sure that people in most vulnerable situations are safe from abuse or neglect

23
Q

Examples of adults that need to be safeguarded

A

-suffer from mental or physical disability
-have learning difficulties
-are blind or def
-frail or elderly
0abusive relationship
-substance abuse
-long term illness
-lack capacity to make decisions about the care they receive

24
Q

Risk factors for abuse in vulnerable adults

A
  • lack of self esteem
  • physically dependent
  • previous history of abuse
  • social isolation
25
Q

Possible signs of abuse in vulnerable adult: sexual abuse and rape

A
  • STD

- Repeated request for EHC

26
Q

Possible signs of abuse in vulnerable adult: Financial Abuse

A
  • inappropriate, exploitative or excessive control over the finances of the vulnerable adult
  • sudden changes to their finances eg. debt, theft, fraud
27
Q

Possible signs of abuse in vulnerable adult: Domestic

A

-an incident or pattern of incidents of controlling, threatening behaviour, violence or abuse by someone who is, or has been, an intimate partner or family member

28
Q

Possible signs of abuse in vulnerable adult: Discriminatory

A

some forms of harassments, sluts or similar unfair treatment relating to race, gender, and gender identity, age, disability, sexual orientation or religion

29
Q

What to do if abuse or neglect suspected in vulnerable adult

A
  • VA wishes should be taken into account
  • obtain consent from patient before disclosing confidential info about them
  • however, if they are overriding circumstances requiring you to take immediate action to ensure the safety of the individual or others, the need for referral, even if they don’t give consent, should be considered
  • Unsure of mental capacity for consent, seek additional advice eg. gp
  • not attempt to investigate suspicions or allegations of abuse directly or to discuss concerns with the alleged perpetrator of the abuse or neglect
  • make appropriate records of concerns and suspicions, decisions taken and reasons whether or not further action was taken on a particular occasion
30
Q

Sources of advice in vulnerable patients

A
  • Victim support
  • Adult GP
  • Peers or señor colleagues
  • Local authority
  • Social services
31
Q

Managing the conversation with an individual (Children and adults)

A
  • Explain confidentiality and when you might need to share info and with whom
  • make sure abuser is not present and don’t discuss concerns with alleged abuser
  • allow victim to be accompanied by a trusted person if they wish
  • vulnerable ppl can have particular difficulties with communication. Communicate in ways that develop trust, listening, empathy.
  • Take into account learning and other disabilities. Ensure they have appropriate support to express themselves clearly
  • be clear what will happen with the info victim discloses
  • establish the facts of the allegation of abuse and acknowledge the impact of abuse on victim

AMAN - Pharmacy Law and Ethics (20 decks)

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