PBL 4: Flowers and Plant Reproduction Flashcards
Sepals
outermost+lowermost appendage, modified leaves for protection
(all sepals together= calyx)
Petals
above sepals, sits on receptacle, important for attracting pollinators (color, shape, scent, arrangement, size)
(all petals= corolla)
petals+sepals= perianth
Carpels/Pistil
female reproductive organs (gynoecium)
1.) Stigma: catches pollen grain
2.) Style: stem-like structure to hold up stigma
3.) Ovary: produces megaspores
Stamens
male reproductive organs
-above the petals
-all stamens together: androecium
1.) Filament: stalk/stem
2.) Anther: pollen production
-4 columns of tissue part of the sporophyte generation and produce microspores
Neighboring anther cells (tapetum) act as nurse cells for the microspore mother cells.
Tepals
fused-together petals+sepals (found in MONOCOTS)
Pedicel
stalk that connects the flower to the rest of the plant
Receptacle
connecting point of all flower points.
Complete flower
has petals, stamens, sepals and carpels/pistils
Perfect flower
has both male and female reproductive organs (hermaphroditic)
Monoecious
One plant has both stamens and pistils
Dioecious
One male plant and one female plant
Superior ovary
ovary embedded above receptacle
Inferior ovary
ovary embedded inside receptacle
Inflorescence
Indeterminate: no restrictive growth (flowers open at different times)
-Advantages:
–Timing of initiation
–Maturation of flwoers
–Longer blooming time
-Disadvantages:
–Resource intensive
Determinate: limited growth
Asexual reproduction
No involvement of gametes, no production of seeds/spores
