Muscular System

Question 1

3 types of muscle tissue

Answer 1

Smooth muscle
Skeletal muscle
Cardiac muscle

Question 2

Smooth muscle

Answer 2

Involuntary muscle
Found in the walls of the digestive system
Regulates digestion and blood pressure

Question 3

Skeletal muscle

Answer 3

Voluntary muscle
Theses muscles are connected to the skeletal system through tendons
Functions are to contract to produce movement, sustain body posture and position, maintain body temperature, store nutrients, and stabilize joints

Question 4

Cardiac muscle

Answer 4

Involuntary
Only found in the walls of the heart
Does not fatigue
Forces blood through blood vessels to all parts of the body

Question 5

6 antagonistic pairs

Answer 5

Biceps - Triceps
Hamstrings - Quadriceps
Gluteus maximus - Hip flexors
Gastrocnemius - Tibialis anterior
Abdominals - Erector spinae
Pectoralis major - Latissimus dorsi

Question 6

Agonist

Answer 6

The muscle that is contracting is called the agonist.

Question 7

Antagonist

Answer 7

The muscle that is relaxing or lengthening is called the antagonist.

Question 8

Synergist

Answer 8

Synergist muscles act around a moveable joint to produce motion similar to or in concert with agonist muscles. They often act to reduce excessive force generated by the agonist muscle and are referred to as neutralizers.

Question 9

Fixator

Answer 9

Fixator muscles are stabilizers which also work in the movement. Their role is to stabilise the origin so that the agonist can achieve maximum and effective contraction. The fixator muscle increases in tension but does not allow any movement to take place.

Question 10

Origin

Answer 10

The fixed end of a muscle that remains stationary.

Question 11

Insertion

Answer 11

The end of the muscle that moves. The insertion normally crosses over a joint to allow movement when a muscle shortens.

Question 12

Elbow joint

Answer 12

Antagonistic pair - Bicep, Tricep
Movement produced - Flexion, Extension
Sporting example - Chest pass in netball, Badminton smash

Question 13

Knee joint

Answer 13

Antagonistic pair - Hamstring, Quadricep
Movement produced - Flexion, Extension
Sporting example - Jumping to block in basketball, Tuck jump in trampoline

Question 14

Shoulder

Answer 14

Antagonistic pair - Latissimas dorsi, Deltoid
Movement produced - Adduction, Abduction
Sporting example - Golf swing, Breaststroke arms