Goal setting

Question 1

What is a goal?

Answer 1

The object or aim of an action.

Question 2

What is the difference between an objective and subjective goal?

Answer 2

Objective is attaining a specific standard within a specific time limit, subjective is usually a general statement of intent.

Question 3

What are the 3 types of goals?

Answer 3

1) Outcome goals
2) Performance goals
3) Process goals

Question 4

Describe an outcome goal

Answer 4

Focus on the outcomes/ competitive results of particular events.

Usually based on social comparisons
E.g., winning the world cup.

Question 5

Describe performance goals

Answer 5

Specify end products of performance.

Can be achieved relatively independently of others.
E.g., finishing a round under par 2

Question 6

Describe process goals

Answer 6

Specify behaviours/actions in which the performer will engage in during performance.

Involve improving form, technique, strategy.
E.g., staying focussed

Question 7

What are outcome goal advantages?

Answer 7

Facilitate motivation away from competition
- Hard gym session

Question 8

What are outcome goal disadvantages?

Answer 8

• Often uncontrollable
• Can increase anxiety/negative thoughts
• Can distract/increase irrelevant thoughts

Question 9

What are performance & process goal advantages?

Answer 9

• More controllable
• Less dependable on opponents

Question 10

What are performance & process goal disadvantages?

Answer 10

• Can lead to overthinking and anxiety (performance goals)
• Difficult to prioritise them

Question 11

What 4 ways does the direct mechanistic view propose that goals influence performance?

Answer 11

1 Direct attention to important elements of skill performed.
2 Mobilise efforts
3 Prolong persistence
4 Foster development of new learning strategies

Question 12

What 4 ways does the indirect thought-process view propose that performance is influenced by goals leading to changes in psychological factors?

Answer 12

1 Lowered anxiety
2 Greater confidence
3 Improved self-regulation
4 Being better at coping with failure

Question 13

What are each of the SMART principles?

Answer 13

Specific
Measurable
Attainable
Relevant
Time based

Question 14

How many goal setting principles are there?

Answer 14

12 - check google doc

Question 15

What are the 6 common goal setting problems?

Answer 15

1 Convincing people to set goals
2 Failing to set specific goals
3 Setting unrealistic goals
4 Failing to adjust goals
5 Failing to recognise individual differences
6 Not providing follow-up and evaluation