Cell structure

Question 1

Cytoplasm

Answer 1

jelly like fluid that carries organelles, allows movement

Question 2

Cell Membrane

Answer 2

protects the cell keeping the cytoplasm inside, semi-permeability allows materials in and out of the cell

Question 3

Cell Wall

Answer 3

only found in plant cells. gives strength and support to the cell and gives cells a square shape.

Question 4

Nucleus

Answer 4

control center/brain of the cell. contains DNA of the cell

Question 5

Nucleolous

Answer 5

found inside nucleus, stores materials to make ribosomes

Question 6

Ribosomes

Answer 6

site of protein synthesis where amino acids join to create protein. found in cytoplasm or attached to endoplasmic reticulum. smallest but most abundant organelle

Question 7

Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)

Answer 7

internal delivery system of the cell, found near nucleus. makes lipids and other materials for inside and outside the cell. breaks down drugs and other harmful chemicals. rough ER: covered in ribosomes. smooth ER: not covered in ribosomes

Question 8

Mitochondria

Answer 8

powerhouse of the cell where ATP (energy) is made from nutrients to help in respiration. double membraned organelle

Question 9

Chloroplasts

Answer 9

only found in plant cells, contains chlorophyll for photosynthesis.

Question 10

Golgi complex

Answer 10

packages and modifies proteins for secretion or transport to other parts of the cell

Question 11

Vacuoles

Answer 11

storage organelles that can contain water, ions, nutrients, or waste products. large vacuoles are there in plants

Question 12

Lysosomes

Answer 12

only in animal cells, contain digestive enzymes to break down waste and foreign material, gets rid of waste and protects the cell against invaders

Question 13

What is the difference between plant cells and animal cells?

Answer 13

Cell wall: Plant cells have a rigid cell wall made of cellulose that provides structural support and protection, while animal cells lack a cell wall.

Chloroplasts: Plant cells contain chloroplasts, which are organelles responsible for photosynthesis and producing energy from sunlight. Animal cells do not have chloroplasts.

Vacuoles: Plant cells have large central vacuoles that store water, nutrients, and waste products, while animal cells have smaller and less prominent vacuoles.

Shape: Plant cells tend to be rectangular or box-shaped, while animal cells can be round, irregular, or elongated in shape.

Lysosomes: Animal cells have many lysosomes, which are membrane-bound organelles that contain enzymes to break down waste and foreign material. Plant cells don’t have lysosomes.