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GU anatomy > Bony pelvis > Flashcards

Bony pelvis Flashcards

1
Q

Function of bony pelvis?

A

Support spine, torso
Locomotion
Protect pelvic viscera

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2
Q

State 5 articulations bony pelvis:

A
  • Hip joint- head of the femur and socket (asetabulum) of pelvis
  • Sacroiliac joint- sacrum and the ilium of the hip bone
  • Pubic symphysis- between the two pubic bones
  • Lumbosacral joint- 5th lumbar vertebrae and the sacrum
  • Sacrococcygeal joint- between sacrum and coccyx
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3
Q

What joint is between 2 pubic bones?

A

Pubic symphysis

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4
Q

What is the ascetabulum of pelvis?

A

The ilium, ischium and pubis of the hip bone fuse at the acetabulum

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5
Q

What 3 bones in hip bone?

A

Ilium
Ischium
Pubis

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6
Q

What is lvl of iliac crest?

A

L4/L5
Lumbar puncture

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7
Q

Where does the inguinal ligament run?

A

Anterior superior iliac spine to pubic tubercle

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8
Q

What is palpable at mid-inguinal point?

A

Femoral artery

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9
Q

Where is anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS)?

A

Anterior point ilium

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10
Q

What does McBurneys point mark?

A

Base appendix

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11
Q

State 3 differences between male and female anatomy pelvis?

A

Female- wider, cicular pelvic inlet (childbirth)
obtuse angle- inferior pubic rami
wider and shorter sacrum

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12
Q

Is prostate present men or female?

A

Men (dad poster)

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13
Q

What is arterial supply to pelvis?
Branches
Bladder, prostate, seminal
Rectum
Internal pudenal
Superior and inferior gluteal

A

L and R iliac arteries
Branch:
* Vesical arteries - supply the bladder in both sexes, and the prostate and seminal vesicles in males
(Uterine and vaginal- females)
* Middle rectal artery - supplies the rectum.
* Internal pudendal artery - perineum.
* Superior and inferior gluteal arteries - gluteal

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14
Q

Venous drainage of pelvis?

A

Venous plexus
Internal iliac vein

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15
Q

What do sacral nerves of pelvis form?

A

Sacral plexus

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16
Q

What nerve innervates:
Pelvis and lower limb
Perineum
Gluteal
Pelvic viscera

A
  • Sciatic nerve- formed by lower lumbar and sacral spinal nerves L4-S3. Exit pelvis and supplies lower limb
  • Pudendal nerve- S2-S4- major nerve of the perineum.
  • Superior and inferior gluteal nerves- innervate gluteal region
  • Pelvic splanchnic nerves- carry parasympathetic fibres from S2-S4 spinal cord segments to the pelvic viscera
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17
Q

3 functions of pelvic floor?

A
  1. Prevent herniation of the pelvic organs out of pelvis
  2. Control continence of urine and faeces- sphincter action on urethra and rectum
  3. Aid in increasing intra-abdominal pressure.
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18
Q

What 2 muscles make up pelvic floor?

A

Levator ani (3 paired)
Coccygeus

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19
Q

What makes up leavator ani?
Innervation?

A

1) Puborectalis- U-shaped muscle attaches to pubic bones-forms sling around rectum. Control defecation preventing defecation. (most inside)
2. Pubococcygeus -attaches to the pubic bone anteriorly, and the coccyx and sacrum posteriorly (middle)
3. Iliococcygeus- attaches spines of ischium (not the ilium) and the coccyx.

S4
Some pudenal S2-S4

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20
Q

What pelvic floor muscle controls defecation?

A

Puborectalis

21
Q

Name 4 things can weaken pelvic floor?

A

Childbirth
Ageing
Straining
Obesity

22
Q

What is immediately superficial and inferior to pelvic floor?

A

Perineum

23
Q

What 2 triangles is perineum split into?

A

Anal triangle
Urogenital triangle

24
Q

What are 5 layers of urogenital triangle?

A

1) Skin- urethra and vagina open up
2) Perineal fascia
3) Superficial perineal pouch- pot space- erectile tissues, 3 muscles: ischiocavernosus, bulbospongiosus and the
superficial transverse perineal muscles
4) Perineal membrane- provides support for attachment ischiocavernosus and bulbospongiosus
5) Deep perineal pouch- potential space between perineal membrane and pelvic floor muscles
Contains parts of vagina, urethra and the external urethral sphincter

25
Q

What layer of urogenital triangle is erectile tissues found?

A

Superficial perineal pouch

26
Q

What layer urogenital triangle is vagina, urethra and urethral sphincter present?

A

Deep perineal pouch

27
Q

Function perineal body?

A

Dense mass tissue and muscle
Act attachment muscles
Levator ani
External anal sphincter
External urethral sphincte
Superficial and deep transverse perineal muscles Bulbospongiosus

28
Q

Define bulb penis?

A

Part of the corpus spongiosum that is on the perineal membrane

29
Q

What t

A
29
Q

In female what does corpus spongiosum split?

A

2 part- flank vaginal- bulb vestibule

30
Q

What muscle responsible erection?

A

Corpus cavernosum

31
Q

What muscles cover cavernosa and spongiosum?

A

Corpora cavernosa covered by ischiocavernosus muscles
Corpus spongiosum covered by bulbospongiosus muscle

32
Q

Function ischiocarvernosus?

A

Stabilise erect penis and clitoris

33
Q

Function bulbospongiosum in males and females?

A

NOT MAIN CAUSE ERECTION- CAVERNOSUM
Help maintain- compress veins drain erectile tissues
Protect urethra

Fem- expression fluid from vestibular glands

34
Q

Arterial supply to perineum?

A

Internal pudenal artery
Branch internal iliac

35
Q

Nerve supply to peritoneum?

A

Pudenal nerve- S2-S4
Innervate perineum and skin external genitalia

36
Q

What does pudenal nerve innervate?

A

Perineum and skin external genitalia

37
Q

How does pudenal nerve travel?

A

Greater and lesser sciatic foramina of pelvis

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GU anatomy (7 decks)

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