Cardio and F&E

Question 1

Signs and symptoms of dehydration in infants

Answer 1

Sunken fontanels, Tinting of skin/inner thighs, Dry mucous membranes, No tears,
Do not treat vomit until become symptomatic such as Dehydration, Weight loss (main thing), Altered LOC, Thirst, Tachycardia, Decreased urine output

Question 2

Fluid replacement

Answer 2

1-10= 100ml/kg

11-20= 1000 ml plus 50 ml/kg for each kg > 10 kg

> 20= 1500 ml plus 20 ml/kg for each kg > 20 kg

Question 3

Which defects increase pulmonary blood flow

Answer 3

Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA)
atrial septal defect (ASD)
Ventricular septal defect (VSD)
Atrioventricular canal (AVC)

Question 4

Which defects decrease pulmonary blood flow

Answer 4

Ventricular septal defect (VSD)
Pulmonary stenosis
Right ventricular hypertrophy
Tricuspid atresia
TOF