Unit 2B Flashcards
Cataract
an opacity in the lens that blocks light from reaching the retina; often occurs in an older age due to sunlight (UV) exposure
Retinal colorblindness
an inability to correctly see colors due to the mutations in photoreceptors
Monochromacy
a form of congenital achromatopsia (color blindness) arising from problems in the retina
Rod monochromacy
rod monochromats are people whose cone photoreceptors are present in the retina but are completely non-functional. The cones cannot absorb light and therefore the patient relies only on rod vision
Cone monochromacy
patient has one functioning cone type. Color vision is restricted to about 100 colors. Blue cone monochromacy is rare, but slightly more common than L/M cone monochromacy
Dichromacy
color vision disorder in which one type of cone is absent or non-functioning
Protanopia
L photoreceptors deficit that causes Red-Green color blindness
Deuteranopia
M photoreceptors deficit that causes Red-Green colorblindness
Tritanopia
S photoreceptors deficit that causes Blue-Yellow colorblindness
Red/Green colorblindness
a form of retinal colorblindness where either the green cones are missing completely or respond like red cones. More common in females.
Blue yellow colorblindness
a form of retinal colorblindness where people confuse blue with green and yellow with violet. It is very rare and not sex linked.
Anomalous trichromacy
Patients with types of anomalous trichromacy (protanomaly, deuteranomaly, or tritanomaly) are trichromats, but the color matches they make significantly differ from normal
Protanomaly
L-cone (red) spectrum shifted closer to M-cone (green) spectrum
Deuteranomaly
M-cone (green) spectrum shifted closer to L-cone (red) spectrum
Tritanomaly
blue-yellow discrimination altered