The Yorkists after the death of Richard of York, 1461

Question 1

When was the battle of Mortimer’s Cross?

Answer 1

2 February 1461

Question 2

Who did Edward of March defeat and execute after the Battle of Mortimer’s Cross?

Answer 2

Owen Tudor

Question 3

Where was Owen Tudor executed by Edward of March after Mortimer’s Cross?

Answer 3

Hereford

Question 4

Whose forces won the Second battle of St. Albans?

Answer 4

Margaret of Anjou

Question 5

When did Margaret’s forces win the second battle of St. Albans?

Answer 5

17 February 1461

Question 6

Who did Warwick lose possession of at the Second battle of St. Albans?

Answer 6

Henry VI

Question 7

Which two Yorkists were executed at the Second battle of St. Albans?

Answer 7

Lord Bonville and Sir Thomas Kyriell

Question 8

What did the city authorities do to prevent Margaret of Anjou entering London in 1461?

Answer 8

Barred the gates

Question 9

What ‘plundered’ St. Albans Abbey before being barred from London?

Answer 9

Margaret’s ‘northern’ army

Question 10

When did Edward of March arrive at London?

Answer 10

27 February 1461

Question 11

Which bishop of Exeter declared Edward of March’s title as king on 1 March 1461?

Answer 11

George Neville

Question 12

What did the disinheritance of the Lancastrian line from the Act of Accord in 1460 turn the conflict in 1461 into?

Answer 12

Dynastic conflict

Question 13

When did the Battle of Towton take place?

Answer 13

29 March 1461

Question 14

When did the Battle of Ferrybridge take place?

Answer 14

28 March 1461

Question 15

Who did Warwick and Fauconberg defeat at the battle of Ferrybridge?

Answer 15

Lord Clifford

Question 16

Whose late arrival at Towton reinforced the Yorkists and helped defeat the Lancastrians?

Answer 16

John Mowbray, Duke of Norfolk

Question 17

Who helped to keep Wales loyal to the Lancastrians after the defeat at Towton?

Answer 17

Jasper Tudor, Earl of Pembroke

Question 18

Which influential family became firmly committed to the Yorkists prior to the Battle of Towton?

Answer 18

Bourchiers

Question 19

Who provided the queen and Henry VI with sanctuary immediately after the defeat at Towton?

Answer 19

Mary of Guelders

Question 20

Who is known as the ‘kingmaker’ to historians?

Answer 20

Richard Neville, Earl of Warwick

Question 21

What did Margaret arguably turn the conflict into, between the Lancastrian North and the Yorkist South?

Answer 21

Regional War

Question 22

Where did Queen Margaret relocate the government to in 1456, alienating the citizens of London?

Answer 22

Coventry

Question 23

What was violated by the killing of York and thus legitimised Edward IV’s claim to the throne?

Answer 23

Act of Accord

Question 24

What phenomenon did Edward of March convince his men represented the Holy Trinity at Mortimer’s Cross?

Answer 24

‘Sun Dog’

Question 25

Which member of the Neville house organised Edward’s entry to London in March 1461?

Answer 25

George, bishop of Exeter

Question 26

Who fled England on 10 February 1461 as the Lancastrians approached London?

Answer 26

Francesco Coppini

Question 27

In which region did Warwick raise the majority of his forces from in 1461?

Answer 27

The Midlands

Question 28

Which experienced warrior and uncle of Warwick led the Yorkist vanguard at Towton?

Answer 28

Lord Fauconberg

Question 29

At which battle did Warwick lose possession of Henry VI at on 17 February 1461?

Answer 29

Second Battle of St Albans

Question 30

What did Queen Margaret promise to surrender to the Scots in return for their aid in January 1461?

Answer 30

Berwick

Question 31

At which battle in December 1460 did Margaret of Anjou’s forces kill Richard of York?

Answer 31

Wakefield

Question 32

Whose death in December 1460 gave Margaret the perfect opportunity to march south?

Answer 32

Richard of York

Question 33

Refusal for Queen Margaret to enter which city shows that the country felt the effects of her regionalism?

Answer 33

London

Question 34

What did the Lancastrian army fail to do at the battle of Towton, likely due to poor planning beforehand?

Answer 34

retreat safely

Question 35

At which battle did Edward of March first demonstrate his leadership skills on 2 February 1461?

Answer 35

Mortimer’s Cross

Question 36

Where was Queen Margaret when her army defeated Richard of York at Wakefield?

Answer 36

Lincluden (Scotland)

Question 37

In which county did Queen Margaret’s ‘northern’ army plunder Grantham and Stamford?

Answer 37

Lincolnshire

Question 38

What did the Yorkists regard as violated after the Second Battle of St. Albans?

Answer 38

Act of Accord

Question 39

Where did 12 Lancastrian lords swear to uphold Margaret’s deal with Scotland in January 1461?

Answer 39

York

Question 40

What did Queen Margaret surrender, as per her deal, to the Scots on 25 April 1461?

Answer 40

Berwick

Question 41

Which famed Lancastrian military captain was killed at the Battle of Towton?

Answer 41

Andrew Trollope

Question 42

Which noble family emerged as more dangerously powerful than ever after Towton?

Answer 42

Nevilles

Question 43

Where did the Lancastrian royal family flee to after the Battle of Towton?

Answer 43

Scotland

Question 44

Which prominent Earl of Northumberland was killed at the Battle of Towton?

Answer 44

Henry Percy

Question 45

Which Lancastrian leader escaped Towton and was sent to seek aid from Louis XI of France?

Answer 45

Henry Beaufort (Somerset)

Question 46

Which Earl of Wiltshire was executed by the Yorkists after the Battle of Towton?

Answer 46

James Butler

Question 47

What aided the Yorkists and impeded the Lancastrian archers at the Battle of Towton?

Answer 47

Wind (and Snow)

Question 48

Whose personal bravery saved the left wing of his army from collapse at Towton?

Answer 48

Edward IV

Question 49

Which steeply banked stream behind the Lancastrian line at Towton hindered their escape?

Answer 49

Cock Beck

Question 50

Who allegedly sat and sang under a tree at the Second Battle of St Albans?

Answer 50

Henry VI