Shoulder joint

Question 1

Shoulder joint known as

Answer 1

Glenohumeral joint

Question 2

Other joints of shoulder girdle

Answer 2

Sternoclavicular
Acromioclavicular
Scapulothoracic

Question 3

Glenohumeral joint articulations

Answer 3

Humeral head is larger than glenoid fossa (golf ball on tee)

Large range of movement (BUT unstable) but not heavy load

Question 4

Glenohumeral joint type

Answer 4

Ball and socket synovial (WITH hyaline cartilage this time)

Question 5

How is risk of dislocation of GH joint reduced

Answer 5

Glenoid labrum (fibrocartilaginous) deepens articulation

Question 6

Joint capsule of GH

Answer 6

Loose
Reinforced by rotator cuff muscles
Inferior aspect has no reinforcement: WEAKEST point

Question 7

Intracapsular ligaments glenohumeral joint

Answer 7

Superior
Middle
Inferior

Glenohumeral ligaments (on anterior joint so prevent anterior dislocation)

Question 8

Extracapsular ligaments

Answer 8

Transverse humeral
Coracohumeral
Coracoacromial

Question 9

Ligaments providing tunnels for tendons

Answer 9

Transverse humeral ligament - tunnel between greater and lesser tuberosities (holds long head biceps)

Coraco-acromial ligament - ‘roof’ arch tunnel above joint for supraspinatus tendon
ALSO PREVENTS ANTERIOR dislocation of humerus if falling on outstretched hand

Question 10

Painful arc syndrome

Answer 10

Coracoacromial arch

Bursa lies between and compresses

Question 11

Rotator cuff

Answer 11

Gives stability to shoulder joint
SITS
(supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis)

Question 12

Weakest part of shoulder joint

Answer 12

Inferior aspect

Question 13

Static stabilisers of joint

Answer 13

Glenoid labrum
Joint capsule
Glenhumeral ligaments
Extracapsular ligaments (corocoacromial, corachohumeral)
Negative intrarticular pressure sucks in humerus head

Question 14

Dynamic stabilisers shoulder

Answer 14

Rotator cuff

Extrinsic (biceps brachii, triceps brachii, deltoid, pectoralis major, coracobrachialis)

Question 15

Right and left subclavian artery arise from

Answer 15

Right subclavian from brachiocephalic trunj

Left subclavian from aorta

Question 16

When does subclavian artery become axillary?

Answer 16

When it crosses the lateral border of the 1st rib

Question 17

What does the axillary artery become and where?

Answer 17

Gives off posterior and anterior circumflex humeral arteries at surgical neck of humerus

Then becomes brachial artery at inferior border of teres major

Question 18

What does brachial artery become?

Answer 18

Profunda brachii (travels with radial nerve in groove, supply posterior arm)

Ulnar and radial artery

Question 19

Where is the brachial pulse palpated?

Answer 19

Cubital fossa

medial to bicep brachii tendon

Question 20

How are the brachial plexus cords named?

Answer 20

In relation to second part of axillary artery

medial is medial to artery, lateral is lateral and posterior is behind