Unit 8 Flashcards
what is the DSM-5 about 8.1
Lists symptoms, descriptions, and other criteria for diagnosing a psychological disorder
What qualifies an abnormality as a disorder 8.1
A clinical disturbance in an individuals, cognition, emotional regulation, or behaviour
What is the term “dysfunctional” used for 8.1
Used to indicate disturbance
How is a major depressive disorder diagnosed 8.1
By identifying 5 specific symptoms that are distressing, irrational, or maladaptive
What is the M’naughten rule 8.1
Determining if the defendant was able to tell right from wrong with their state of mind.
How does each approach to psychology view mental illness 8.2
The behaviour approach views mental illness as caused by the environment and the consequences of behaviours.
The psychoanalytical approach views mental illness as unconscious conflicts that create anxiety and emotional disruption.
The cognitive approach views mental illness as troubling thoughts that create outcomes that can be dysfunctional.
The biological approach views mental illness is caused by genetics, anatomy, and biochemistry.
What is the medical and biopsychosocial model of treating mental illness 8.2
Medical: Treating mental illness is caused through physical problems like any other illness and treating it as such through medicine and treatments.
Biopsychosocial: view biological, psychological, and social, culture factors as the cause of mental illness.
Why do we label disorders 8.2
Makes understanding disorders simpler to understand and research the disorder better
What are neurodevelopmental disorders 8.3
A category of disorders that emerge during childhood and adolescence. Typically involve academic, personal, social, and occupational area
What is the Autism spectrum disorder 8.3
A disorder that affects our communication and behaviour. Symptoms appears around the age of two.
Why is autism called a “spectrum disorder” 8.3
Because Autism has significant variations in symptoms both in severity and type.
What is attention, deficit, hyperactive disorder (ADHD) 8.3
A disorder that involves persistent patterns of attention difficulties, hyperactive behaviour, and impulsivity. Range range from manageable to very severe
What are the affects of Schizophrenia spectrum 8.3
It is a spectrum disorder that affects people’s thinking, feeling, and behaving. People with Schizophrenia often seem as if they have lost touch with reality.
What is Schizophrenia 8.3
To be diagnosed with Schizophrenia you need to demonstrate at least two symptoms in the duration of at least two months.
What are the five symptoms diagnosed with Schizophrenia 8.3
Delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, grossly disorganized or abnormal motor behaviour, reduced emotional expression, and initiative
What are depressive disorders 8.4
It is a general category. There is no specific disorder called depression. When people think of depression, they are most likely thinking of major depressive disorder, the most common psychological disorder in the world.
How is major depressive disorder (MJD for short for easier typing) diagnosed 8.4
Must have at least five symptoms, with one of them being a depressed mood or withdrawal from activities
Consistently depressed mood, withdrawal from activities, weight changes, appetite changes, insomnia or hypersomnia, constantly purposely actions, doing nothing, fatigue, feelings of worthlessness or guilt, concentration problems, indecisiveness, and frequent thoughts of death
What is bipolar disorder 8.4
It involves moving from depressive episodes to manic episodes.
Depressive episodes have similar symptoms to MJD
Manic episodes evolve excess energy, heightened emotions, and even delusional behaviour
What is anxiety 8.4
Anxiety is a normal reaction to stress and the unknown or unpredictable.
What are anxiety disorders 8.4
When normal anxiety doesn’t go away as it should and begins to cause dysfunction is someone’s life. the most common category of disorders.
What are specific phobias 8.4
An extreme major fear of a certain object or situation lasting and severe enough to cause significant distress or impairment
What is social anxiety disorder 8.4
Fear or anxiety about social situations where others may observe or judge the person. The fear itself is embarrassment, being negatively judged, or showing anxiety
What is Panic disorder 8.4
Sudden repeating panic attack of intense fear
What is Agoraphobia 8.4
Fear or anxiety of being in situations where there is no help and escape is difficult
What is generalized anxiety disorder
Excessive, untrollable, and dysfunctional worry or anxiety over extremely long periods - at least six months. Often worries are multiple things
What is obsessive-compulsive and related disorder (OCD) 8.4
A category of disorders that have symptoms similar to anxiety disorders. Risk factors include genetics, environment, and brain structure or function
What are obsessions 8.4
They are thoughts or urges that are persistent and troubling, causing distress or anxiety. Thoughts are often intrusive and difficult to ignore
What are compulsions 8.4
They are actions that are taken, often repetitively, to reduce or control obsessive thoughts. Often involve strict, repetitive rules.
What are trauma and stressor-related disorders (TSRD for short for me) 8.5
These disorders are a response to an overwhelmingly stressful or traumatic event. Some people may develop psychological disorders because of TSRD while some don’t
What is the difference between Post-Traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and acute stress disorder 8.5
Acute stress disorder lasts up to around a month, while PTSD can last more than a month to even years.
What are the Symptoms of PTSD
Reliving the event in some way, like memories, dreams, dissociation, and flashback to the vent. Avoiding cues for the event. Cognitive and mood changes. Arousal issues.
Is treatable and is relatively common
What are dissociative disorders 8.5
They involve the disruption or separation of memory, consciousness, identity, motor control, behaviour, emotion, or perception.
Often the most complex and difficult to diagnose