Programming

Question 1

Syntax

Answer 1

Set of rules defining how program statements must be written,
in order for translators to understand them

Question 2

Variable

Answer 2

Identifier associated with a particular memory location,
used to store data

Its value may change as the program is run and new values are assigned to it

Question 3

Integer

Answer 3

Data type for whole numbers

Question 4

System flow chart

Answer 4

Diagram using commonly defined symbols to express an algorithm

Question 5

Pseudocode

Answer 5

Way of writing algorithm that is close to actual programming language,
using coding style constructs

Question 6

Sequence

Answer 6

Where instructions are executed one after another in series

Program where a computer starts at beginning of program,
executes each statement once until it gets to the end and stops

Question 7

Identifier

Answer 7

Unique name for something (variable, constant, program, procedure) within the program

Question 8

Data type

Answer 8

Formal description of type of data being stored in a variable
Defines amount of memory required and type of operation that can be performed on that variable

Question 9

Python maths operator +

Answer 9

Addition

Question 10

Python maths operator -

Answer 10

Subtraction

Question 11

Python maths operator *

Answer 11

Multiplication

Question 12

Python maths operator /

Answer 12

Division

Question 13

Python maths operator %

Answer 13

Remainder after division

Question 14

Python maths operator **

Answer 14

Exponent
(power of)

Question 15

Python maths operator //

Answer 15

Whole number division
(Decimal number is rounded down to nearest integer)

Question 16

Where is data stored while program is running

Answer 16

Main memory
RAM

Question 17

Casting

Answer 17

Assigning a value or a new value to a variable

Question 18

Rules of variable naming

Answer 18

NO spaces e.g. my name -> myName or my_name
Not use any reserved keywords (see below)
Choose consistent naming style and stick to it
Must begin with a letter (a–z, A–Z) or underscore (_)
Other characters can be letters, numbers or _
Variable names are case-sensitive (this means you must use the same CAPITALS or lower case wherever you use the variable name)
Use a name that makes sense (in the context of the program) e.g. student_Name NOT sn

Question 19

Integer data type

Answer 19

Whole number values, positive or negative with no decimal place or fractional part

Typical size: 2 - 4 bytes

Question 20

Real/float data type

Answer 20

Numbers with a decimal or fractional part

Typical size: 4 - 8 bytes

Question 21

Character data type

Answer 21

Single alphanumeric character

Question 22

String data type

Answer 22

Any string of alphanumeric characters
Typical size: 5 bytes

Question 23

Boolean data type

Answer 23

One or two values: True or False

Question 24

Why variables are used

Answer 24

Used to store data and label data

Question 25

Assignment statement

Answer 25

Means reassigning value of a variable

Question 26

Advantages of using named constants rather than variables

Answer 26

Named constant is a variable, but you cannot reassign its value

Question 27

Advantages of using a named constant rather than the actual value

Answer 27

This would keep program code constant,
and without any additional variable reassigning, make it easier to debug

Question 28

Python indexing

Answer 28

Arrays:
[“place 0”, “place 1”, “place 2”, “place 3”]