Philosophers Flashcards
Developed the “fishbone chart” cause and effect diagram
Instrumental in developingQuality Circles
Teamwork is essential for quality leadership
Kaoru Ishikawa
14-point Quality Plan and believed in improving quality constantly and forever
Statistical Process Control
The “system’ causes defects, not the employees
Modified the Plan-Do-Check-Act to: Plan-Do-Study-Analyze “PDSA”
Endorsed the elimination of fear
W Edwards Deming
Used Robust Design
Perfecting experiments to create higher quality products and procedures
Argues that quality must be designed into the product
Genichi Taguchi
Fitness for Use
Focus was on the “customer’s perception” of quality
Quality must be built on three elements:
- Quality planning
- Quality Control
- Quality Improvement
Cost of Quality
Pareto Principle
Joseph Juran
Used the phrase ‘Do it Right the First Time “
Wrote a book in 1979 entitled “ Quality is Free”
Emphasized the importance of considering all costs of quality
The concept of Zero Defects as a measurable object
Philip Crosby
The most influential individual within the specialty of quality; After World War II, he went to Japan to help rebuild their economy, and he was heralded for his influence. He went on to lecture in the United States in the 1980s; he developed his 14 Points for the Transformation of Management.
W. Edwards Deming
The system, not employees, cause defects; management is responsible for changing the system, and they must take responsibility instead of blaming employees; also stressed the use of Statistical Process Control (SPC) and encouraged training in its use. Other highlights include creating purpose, reduce fear, provide training and leadership, break down barriers between departments, and eliminate slogans, work standards, and quotas.
Deming’s 14 Points for the Transformation of Management
He defined quality as “fitness for use”, from the customer’s perspective; he emphasized the need for continuous improvement and stressed that quality must be built on quality planning, quality control, and quality improvement.
Joseph M. Juran
Wrote Quality is Free; he emphasized the complete elimination of failures to save money, as most firms underestimate their failure costs and should evaluate all costs of quality; “Do it right the first time”.
Philip Crosby
He helped develop Japan’s telephone system post-World War II. He designed experiments to extract more data from each test. He argues for “robust design”, designs that guarantee high quality despite variations, such as employee errors, that may occur during the processes that produce the product; quality must, therefore, be built into the product.
Genichi Taguchi
He developed the Ishikawa/Fishbone diagram and quality circles.
Kaoru Ishikawa
Helps establish cause-and-effect by identifying factors that contribute to outcomes or problems; the factors are categories as People, Machines, Methods, Measurements, Materials, and Environment and include intentional and unintentional consequences and influence quality performance.
Ishikawa/Fishbone Diagram
A cycle of continuous improvement that is repeated indefinitely. Planning involves using appropriate tools to identify problems or improvement opportunities. Doing involves acting upon the plan. Checking involves analyzing the actions performed to ensure that goals were achieved. Acting involves standardizing and documenting the changes, communicating changes to other, and determining why goals were not achieved.
Plan-Do-Check-Act Cycle/Deming Wheel/Shewhart Cycle
An Israeli physicist who developed the Theory of Constraints (TOC).
Eliyahu Goldratt
A five-step process that helps a firm optimal throughput by identifying and fixing bottlenecks; includes 1) finding constraints, 2) exploit the constraints (get at 100% capacity), 3) subordinate everything else to decision (communicate to everyone), 4) elevate the constraint (how to increase capacity), and 5) repeat (find a different bottleneck, for continuous improvement).
Theory of Constraints (TOC)
