LESSON 1

Question 1

5 NU’s Core Values

Answer 1

Integrity​

Compassion​

Innovation​

Resilience​

Patriotism​

Question 2

Is an electronic device designed to manipulate data for useful information to be generated.

Answer 2

COMPUTER

Question 3

CHARACTERISTICS OF THE COMPUTER

Answer 3

It is a machine - can only do things for which it was designed.​

It is automatic - runs continuously once started

It is electronic - runs on electrical energy through its electronic components​

It can manipulate data - following specific instructions, it can perform arithmetic functions, and can compare data.​

It has memory - The ability to read instructions and can store these.​

It has logic functions -can produce results after instructions were fed into it.​

Question 4

The actual machinery, the tangible parts of a computer system. (example: wires, transistors and circuits). Refers to the physical equipment or components of an electronic data processing system.​

Answer 4

HARDWARE

Question 5

Programs or data, and are the intangible parts of a computer system. ​

Answer 5

SOFTWARE

Question 6

runs on electrical energy through its electronic components​

Answer 6

It is electronic

Question 7

CLASSIFICATION OF SOFTWARE​

Answer 7

APPLICATION SOFTWARE
SYSTEM SOFTWARE

Question 8

comprises all the programs you apply to a task — word-processing programs, spreadsheets, payroll and inventory programs, and even games.​

Answer 8

APPLICATION SOFTWARE

Question 9

comprises the programs that you use to manage your computer, including operating systems such as Windows, Linux, or UNIX for larger computers and Google Android and Apple iOS for smartphones​

Answer 9

SYSTEM SOFTWARE

Question 10

3 MAJOR OPERATIONS IN MOST PROGRAMS​

Answer 10

INPUT
PROCESS
OUTPUT

Question 11

Usually keyboard and mouse. The _________ device is the conduit through which data and instructions enter a computer.​

Answer 11

INPUT

Question 12

Processing data items may involve organizing or sorting them, checking them for accuracy, or performing calculations with them. The hardware component that performs these types of tasks is the central processing unit, or CPU. ​

Answer 12

PROCESS

Question 13

After data items have been processed, the resulting information usually is sent to a printer, monitor, or some other output device so people can view, interpret, and use the results.​

Answer 13

OUTPUT

Question 14

is a set of instruction that the computer follows.​

Answer 14

Program

Question 15

is a standardized communication technique for expressing instructions to a computer. Example: Visual Basic, C++, C#, Java, Assembly Language​

Answer 15

Programming Language (PL)

Question 16

It does not require addressing hardware constraints when developing a program. However, every single program written in a high-level language must be interpreted into machine language before being executed by the computer. ___________ require the use of a compiler or an interpreter for their translation into the machine code.

Answer 16

HIGH LEVEL PL

Question 17

a programming language that provides little or no abstraction of programming concepts and is very close to writing actual machine instructions.​

Ex: Assembly Language, Machine Code​

Answer 17

LOW LEVEL PL

Question 18

developed by Dennis Ritchie at AT&T Bell Labs between 1969-1970.​

Answer 18

C

Question 19

C is developed by __________ at AT&T Bell Labs between _____ - ______

Answer 19

Dennis Ritchie ; 1969-70

Question 20

developed by Bjarne Stroustrup at AT&T Bell Labs in 1983.

Answer 20

C++

Question 21

C++ is developed by _________ at AT&T Bell Labs in ____.

Answer 21

Bjarne Stroustrup ; 1983

Question 22

STEPS FOR C++ PROGRAM DEVT AND EXECUTION​

Answer 22

EDITING
COMPILING
LINKING LIBRARY FILES
LOADING
EXECUTION

Question 23

refers to the typing or writing the program in any text editor.

Answer 23

EDITING

Question 24

But we want all the things in one place like writing the program, compiling, and executing it. This is achieved with the help of software that is known as _________. It integrated all the tasks that are required to run a program.​

Answer 24

IDE (INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENT ENVIRONMENT)

Question 25

converts the high-level code into machine-level language code and a new executable file with the name first.exe is generated and get stored in the hard disk.

Answer 25

Compiler

Question 26

Every language has some built-in objects and functions that can be reused in any program. The built-in objects and functions are grouped inside libraries that can be included in programs as ________. These libraries and header files are linked with the code during compilation where the library code is also converted to an executable file along with the entire program.

Answer 26

Header files

Question 27

To execute the program code, the code must be brought to the main memory from the secondary memory.​

Answer 27

Loading

Question 28

As soon as the program gets loaded in the main memory in different sections as given below, the program execution starts. The execution of the program starts from the first line of the main function.​

Answer 28

Execution​

Question 29

MAIN MEMORY MANAGEMENT​:

Answer 29

Code Section
Stack section of the code
Heap

Question 30

The entire machine-level code is copied to the code section of the main memory. All the arrangements that are called relocations are done here and it is done by the operating system.​

Answer 30

Code Section

Question 31

All the variables (that are used for storing the data values) are stored in the _______.​

Answer 31

Stack section of the code

Question 32

It stores the dynamically allocated variables, the variable that is allocated during the run time of the program​

Answer 32

Heap

Question 33

contain a set of predefined standard library functions.

Answer 33

Header files

Question 34

A declarative region that provides a scope to the identifiers (the names of types, functions, variables, etc) inside it.

Answer 34

Namespace

Question 35

is a special function in all C++ programs; it is the function called when the program is run. The execution of all C++ programs begins with the ___________

Answer 35

Main function (Main Method)

Question 36

is enclosed between curly braces. The program statements are written within the brackets.

Answer 36

Body of the function

Question 37

The body of the function is enclosed between

Answer 37

Curly braces

Question 38

Each statement must end by a ________, without which an error message in generated.​

Answer 38

semicolon

Question 39

means success and returning a non-zero number means failure.

Answer 39

Return 0 (zero)