Med School SBA

Question 1

2 inherited conditions that increase risk of colorectal cancer

Answer 1

• Familial adenomatous polyposis - many duodenal polyps
• Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer
  Both autosomal dominant

Question 2

Which artery plays an important role in erectile function

Answer 2

Internal pudendal artery

Question 3

What feature of the clinical exam would suggest that the aortic stenosis is severe

Answer 3

A small volume (decreased amplitude) and slow rising pulse

Question 4

Recommended treatment to improve walking in peripheral arterial disease

Answer 4

Stop smoking
Exercise programme

Question 5

Where do venous ulcers mc occur

Answer 5

Above medial/ lateral malleoli

Question 6

Erythema nodosum mc in Chrons/ UC

Answer 6

Chron’s

Question 7

Pyoderma gangrenosum mc in Crohn’s / UC

Answer 7

UC

Question 8

Difference between unconjugated and conjugated bilirubin

Answer 8

Unconjugated is bound to albumin
Conjugated - in the liver, bilirubin is changed into a form that the body can excrete

Question 9

Which type of jaundice will show no evidence of bilirubin in the urine and why

Answer 9

Pre-hepatic Jaundice
- High levels of unconjugated bilirubin that can’t be excreted

Question 10

Give 2 causes of pre-hepatic jaundice

Answer 10

Haemolytic anaemias
Gilbert’s syndrome

Question 11

Action of PTH on phosphate

Answer 11

Decrease phosphate reabsorption in the kidney

Question 12

2 drugs that cause primary hypothyroidism

Answer 12

Lithium
Amiodarone

Question 13

How do NSAIDs cause ulcers

Answer 13

• NSAIDs block COX1 & 2 enzymes which inhibits the synthesis of prostaglandin
• This results in reduction in gastric mucus and bicarbonate secretion

Question 14

How does Tamsulosin cause postural hypotension

Answer 14

Dilatation of venous capacitance vessels

Question 15

Therapy for reversal of warfarin in 65 y/o vomiting large amount of blood. INR = 6.5

Answer 15

IV prothrombin complex concentrate - contains factors 2,9 & 10
IV Vit K

Question 16

Tx for woman with sepsis and DIC. She has a low fibrinogen level

Answer 16

Cryoprecipitate - portion of plasma rich in fibrinogen, F8, F13 and vWF

Question 17

Which Toll-like receptor is responsible for sensing lipopolysaccharide found on the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria

Answer 17

TLR4

Question 18

Which TLR senses flagellin

Answer 18

TLR5

Question 19

Cx of sjogren’s

Answer 19

Non-hodgkin’s lymphoma
Conjunctivitis
Yeast infection
Dental cavities

Question 20

Name 3 organisms that give a positive 1,3 beta-D-glucan assay

Answer 20

Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans and Pneumocystis jirovecii

Question 21

The pathogenesis of cholera in the small intestine results from?

Answer 21

A toxin that deregulates ion transport in epithelial cells