C6: Review Questions

Question 1

In a DNA macromolecule, the sequence of _____ determines the characteristics of every living thing.

Answer 1

nitrogenous organic bases

Question 2

How many base pairs are there in the human genome?

Answer 2

2.9 x 10 to the 9th power

Question 3

Radiation-induced chromosome damage may be evaluated during which of the following processes?

Answer 3

metaphase

Question 4

If exposure to ionizing radiation damages the components involved in molecular synthesis beyond repair, cells do which of the following?

Answer 4

function abnormally or die

Question 5

Which of the following produces antibodies?

Answer 5

lymphocytes

Question 6

Water comprises approximately _____ of the weight of the human body.

Answer 6

80% to 85%

Question 7

Which of the following must the human body provide to ensure efficient cell operation?
1. food as a source of raw material for the release of energy
2. oxygen to help break down food
3. water to transport inorganic substances into and out of the cell

Answer 7

1, 2, and 3

Question 8

Which human cell component controls cell division and multiplication as well as biochemical reactions that occur within the cell?

Answer 8

nucleus

Question 9

What term is used to describe chemical secretions that are manufactured by various endocrine glands and carried by the bloodstream to influence the activities of other parts of the body?

Answer 9

hormones

Question 10

Somatic cells divide through the process of:

Answer 10

mitosis