1.7 Differential diagnosis of acute abdomen (with particular attention to urologic diseases)

Question 1

what is acute abdoment?

Answer 1

sudden onset of severe abdominal pain developing over a short time period.

Question 2

urological etiology of acute abdomen?

Answer 2

• Ureteral stone
• Pyelonephritis
• Renal abscess
• Retroperitoneal bleeding or hematoma
• Kidney infarction
• Renal vein thrombosis
• Urinary retention
• Acute prostatitis
• Testicular torsion
• Congenital disorders of the upper urinary tract

Question 3

urological acute abdomen diagnosis?

Answer 3

• Medical history and physical examination
• Urine sediment
• Laboratory tests
• ECG
• Imaging
• Laparoscopy / laparotomy if acute intestinal or vascular disease is suspected
• Gastroscopy if melena or blood vomiting is present

Question 4

urological acute abdomen diagnosis?
laboratory tests

Answer 4

• blood count
• GOT, GPT, gamma-GT, CK, CRP
• electrolytes
• creatinine
• urea
• lipase

Question 5

urological acute abdomen diagnosis?
imaging

Answer 5

depending on the symptoms and severity:
o Ultrasound imaging
o abdomen X-ray
o chest X-ray and/or abdominal CT (with or without contrast media)