Shoulder Overhead Reach

Question 1

Joints involved in overhead reach

Answer 1

Glenohumeral joint
Scapulothroacic joint
Sternoclavicular joint
Acromioclavicular joint
Cervical, thoracic and lumbar
Elbow

Question 2

What at the movements occurring at the joints involved in overhead reach
GHJ
STJ
SCJ
ACJ
elbow
Thoracic spine

Answer 2

Flexion and lateral rotation
Elevation and protraction
Elevation
Glides upwards
Flexion to extension
Extension

Question 3

What muscles being about each movement at the joint in overhead reach

Answer 3

GHJ FLEXION - anterior deltoid, pec major, biceps
STJ ELEVATION - traps and levator scapulae
EXT ELBOW - triceps and aconeus
FLEX ELBOW - biceps

Question 4

What range and contraction are the muscles working in for flexion at GHJ
Elevation at STJ
Extension and flexion at elbow

Answer 4

GHJ = mid to inner , concentric
Shoulder girdle elevation = mid to inner, concentric
Elbow flexion - concentric, mid to inner
Extension - concentric, outer to mid

Question 5

What type of muscle contraction is occurring at the elbow joint

Answer 5

Concentric muscle contraction in triceps when extending

Question 6

What is the biomechanical advantage of flexing the elbow as we reach upwards

Answer 6

The shoulder is in a more favourable position to move upwards as the lever arm is shortened so the movement is more efficient
Is the elbow wasnt flexed there would be a longer lever arm to move therefore less efficient

Question 7

Give an example of an open chain 3rd class lever with one of the joints involved in reach up

Answer 7

Elbow joint during biceps curl
Fulcrum - elbow joint
Effort - biceps
Load - forearm and hand lifted

Question 8

What is the relationship between the rotator cuff activity and deltoid during abduction

Answer 8

Rotator cuff muscles support the initial abduction from 0-15 degrees and stabilise the GHJ when the deltoid works to abuduct past 15 degrees

Question 9

Why is grip strength reduced if the wrist is in a flexed position - what biomechanical concept does this link to

Answer 9

Finger flexor muscles - the flexor digitorum profundus are so short an produce an insufficient force because they are in inner range - links to active insufficieny

Question 10

Any muscles working in origin - insertion reverse in overhead reach

Answer 10

No because it’s an open kinetic chain