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Histology > Histology Of The Skin And Breast > Flashcards

Histology Of The Skin And Breast Flashcards

1
Q

What are the main functions of skin

A

Provides a barrier to infection
Waterproof
Thermoregulation
Protect against trauma
Protect against uv-light
Vitamin D synthesis
Sensation

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2
Q

What is the epidermis of the skin made up of

A

Type IV collagen

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3
Q

What is not visible with H&E in the epidermis

A

The basement membrane

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4
Q

What does the stratum basale sit on

A

The basement membrane

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5
Q

What is the stratum basale made up of

A

Basal epithelial cells (stem cells)
Melanocytes

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6
Q

Where are melanocytes present

A

In the basal layer of the epidermis

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7
Q

What is the role of the melanocytes

A

They synthesis melanin and transfer it to the surrounding keratinocytes in melanosomes in response to MSH and ACTH stimulation

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8
Q

What does melanin absorb

A

It absorbs ultraviolet light which protects us from non-ionising radiation damage

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9
Q

What cells are found in the stratum spinosum

A

Keratinocytes
Langerhans cells
Merkel cells

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10
Q

What makes up the stratum granulosum

A

Flattened squares
Eosinophilic cytoplasm
Haematoxophilic kerato-hyaline granules

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11
Q

What makes up the stratum corneum

A

It is acellular
Made up of plates of keratin

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12
Q

What are epidermal adnexae

A

Downgrowths of the epidermis into the dermis

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13
Q

What do the downgrowths in the dermis become

A

Hair follicles
Sebaceous glands
Eccrine sweat glands
Apocrine sweat glands

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14
Q

What is the function of a sebaceous gland

A

To produce sebaceous secretions which lubricate and waterproof hairs

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15
Q

Where will you find sebaceous glands

A

They are found in downgrowths of the dermis accompanying hair follicles

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16
Q

Where will you find apocrine glands

A

Accompanying hair follicles

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17
Q

What are the apocrine glands made up of

A

Simple coiled tubular gland with eosinophilic cytoplasm

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18
Q

What is the function of eccrine glands

A

Secrete water secretions

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19
Q

Where can eccrine glands be found

A

Everywhere

20
Q

What is the dermo-epidermal junction

A

A junction between the epidermis and dermis, this is not flat but is ridged due to the epidermis protruding downwards into the dermis

21
Q

What layer make up the dermis

A

Papillary dermis
Reticular dermis
Subcutis

22
Q

What is the dermis comprised of

A

Irregular loose connective tissue
Fibroblasts
Collagen
Glycosaminoglycan matrix
Blood vessels
Lymphatics
Nerves
Sensory cells
Scattered inflammatory cells

23
Q

What are sensory structures in the dermis

A

Meissners corpuscle
Pacinian corpuscle

24
Q

What are meissners corpuscles

A

Encapsulated unmyelinated nerve endings found In the dermis

25
Q

What is a Pacinian corpuscle

A

It is a large encapsulated sensory receptor in the dermis which deals with vibration and tickle

26
Q

What is the subcutis comprised of

A

Adipose tissue
Firovascular septa
Insulation
Shock-absorber
Food store

27
Q

When does breast tissue become present and when does it develop

A

It id present from birth but only begins to develop at puberty

28
Q

What makes up the tissue of the breast

A

Myoepithelial system of ducts and lobules set in a fibroadipose connective tissue

29
Q

Where doe all ducts of the breast empty

A

At the nipple

30
Q

What are the 2 layers of cells which line the ducts and lobules

A

Outer myoepithelium
Inner columnar epithelium

31
Q

What is the primary function of the breast

A

For lactation

32
Q

What is this showing

A

The epidermis

33
Q

What layer is the arrow showing

A

The stratum basale

34
Q

What layer is the arrow showing

A

The stratum spinosum

35
Q

What layer is the arrow pointing to

A

The stratum granulosum

36
Q

What layer is the arrow pointing to

A

The stratum corneum

37
Q

What is this showing

A

The epidermal adnexae

38
Q

What gland can you see in this

A

Sebaceous glands

39
Q

What gland can you see in this

A

Apocrine gland

40
Q

What gland can you see here

A

Eccrine glands

41
Q

What is this showing

A

The demo-epidermal junction

42
Q

What is this showing in general and what are the arrows showing

A

The dermis
First arrow = papillary dermis
Second arrow = reticular dermis
Third arrow = subcutis

43
Q

What structure is this

A

Pacinian corpuscle

44
Q

What is this showing

A

The subcutis

45
Q

What is this showing

A

Terminal duct lobular units

46
Q

What is this showing in general and what are the arrows pointing to

A

This is lactation tissue in the breast
The first arrow = duct
The second arrow = inner layer of secretory cells

47
Q

What is this showing in general and what are the arrows pointing to

A

This is lactation tissue in the breast
The first arrow = duct
The second arrow = inner layer of secretory cells

Histology (18 decks)

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