Atomic Structure And The Periodic Table

Question 1

Sketch an atom. Label the nucleus and the electrons.

Answer 1

Question 2

What is the charge of proton?

Answer 2

+1

Question 3

True or false? Elements contain more than one type of atom.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

Give the formula for carbon dioxide.

Answer 4

CO2

Question 5

Formula for sodium carbonate.

Answer 5

Na₂CO₃

Question 6

What is the difference between a compound and a mixture?

Answer 6

Compounds are substances which can be formed by chemically combining two or more elements. Mixtures are substances that are formed by physically mixing two or more substances

Question 7

What is the name of the pattern formed from carrying out paper chromatography?

Answer 7

Chromatography: a visible record (such as a graph) showing the result of separating the components of a mixture by chromatography is called chromotogram.

Question 8

Which method of separation is useful to separate an insoluble solid from liquid?

Answer 8

Filtration is a method for separating an insoluble solid from a liquid.

Question 9

Give the name of a method to separate a soluble solid from liquid.

Answer 9

Evaporation.

Question 10

Which method of distillation would you use to separate liquids with similar boiling points?

Answer 10

Fractional distillation.

Question 11

Who discovered the plum pudding model was wrong?

Answer 11

Ernest Rutherford

Question 12

Who devised an experiment that proved the existence of the neutron?

Answer 12

James Chadwick

Question 13

What is the electronic structure of sodium?

Answer 13

Question 14

Why did Medeleev leave gaps in his Table of Elements?

Answer 14

Mendeleev left gaps in his table to place elements not known at the time. By looking at the chemical properties and physical properties of the elements next to a gap, he could also predict the properties of these undiscovered elements.

Question 15

How are the group number and the number of electrons in the outer shell of an element related?

Answer 15

The number of electrons in the outer shell of all the elements in a group is the same as the group number.

Question 16

What kind of ions do metals form?

Answer 16

Metal atoms lose electrons to form positive ions (cations ) non-metal atoms gain electrons to form negative ions (anions )

Question 17

Where are the non-metals on the periodic table?

Answer 17

The metals are to the left of the line (except for hydrogen, which is a nonmetal), the nonmetals are to the right of the line, and the elements immediately adjacent to the line are the metalloids.

Question 18

State three trends as you go down group 1

Answer 18

The atoms become larger.
the outer electron becomes further from the nucleus.
The force of attraction between the nucleus and the outer electron decreases.
The outer electron is lost more easily.

Question 19

State the products of the reaction of sodium.

Answer 19

Sodium reacts with cold water to form sodium hydroxide and hydrogen gas.

Question 20

How do the boiling points of halogens change as you go down the group from fluorine to astatine?

Answer 20

Boiling point increases as you go down the group because the mass of each element increases and they have more electrons around their nuclei.

Question 21

What is the charge of the ions that halogens form when they react with metals?

Answer 21

The halide ion will have a negative charge and the metal ion will have a positive charge.

Question 22

Predict whether iodine is displaced by chlorine in a solution of potassium iodide.

Answer 22

When chlorine is bubbled through potassium iodide solution iodine is displaced.

Question 23

What is the trend in the boiling point as you go down Group 0?

Answer 23

Boiling point increases as you go down the list.