Unit One Flashcards
What is a neutralisation reaction
When a base reacts with an acid to form water and a salt
What is the definition of spectator ions
Ions that remain unchanged by the reactions
What are alkaline solutions
Bases that can dissolve in water
Metal oxide+ water -> metal hydroxide
What has a higher OH- concentration
Alkaline above 7
What has a higher H+ concentration
Acids below 7
What is a neutral solution
Has equal H+ and OH-
What are ions that contain more than one type of atom called
Group ions
What is an ionic compound
When an atom loses or gains electrons to obtain the stable electron arrangement
How are ionic bonds described
They are the electrostatic attraction between positive and negative ions
Properties of ionic compounds
Soluble in water
High mp and bp
Only conduct when in molten or in solution
Properties of covalent molecules
Low mp and bp
Not conductive
Strong covalent bonds within the molecule and only weak attractions between the molecules
Different shapes of covalent bonding
Linear
Angular Bent
Pyramidal
Tetrahedral
What is a covalent bond
A bond between two non metal atoms
When does a covalent bond form
When two positive nuclei are held together by their common attraction for a shared pair of electrons
What are isotopes
Atoms with the same atomic number but different mass numbers
