Module 2: The Immune System Flashcards
1
Q
What is innate/natural immunity?
A
- A non-specific immune response
- 1st line of defense
- Rapid
- Triggered by threat by pathogen
- No different response on re-exposure to the same antigen
2
Q
What is adaptive/aquired immunity?
A
- A specific immune response
- 2nd line of defense
- Slow to develop
- Triggered by exposure to antigen
- Rapid response on re-exposure
3
Q
Why must vaccines not be delayed for tamariki?
A
Infants should receive protection when they are at their most vulnerable. (first year of life).
Infants with delayed vaccines are more likely to be admitted to hospital with vaccine-preventable disease
4
Q
Why due babies need vaccines at birth? (Hint: naive)
A
- Infants have a naive immune system that needs exposure to antigens to develop
5
Q
What is maternally acquired immunity?
A
Immunity that a newborn has from their mother. Does not protect against all infections. Temporary immunity.
6
Q
What are some factors that cause waning of immunity? (loss of antibodies over time)
A
- pathogen type
- vaccine type
- decline in natural boosting
- comorbidities and the person’s age.
7
Q
How many antigens are newborns exposed to during childbirth vs from 1st-year vaccines?
A
Over a million (from vagina, skin, and anus) vs 7
