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CNA > Common Conditions and Diseases > Flashcards

Common Conditions and Diseases Flashcards

1
Q

maintains the hip in a certain position to allow healing; used after a hip fracture

A

Abductor Wedge

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2
Q

removal of a body part

A

Amputation

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3
Q

chest pain or discomfort caused when your heart muscle doesn’t get enough oxygen-rich blood

A

Angina

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4
Q

abnormal heart beats

A

Arrythmia

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5
Q

swelling and tenderness of one or more joints; causes pain, stiffness, and swelling due to inflammation; most common –> osteoarthritis

A

Arthritis

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6
Q

respiratory condition marked by spasms in the bronchi of the lungs, causing difficulty in breathing

A

Asthma

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7
Q

new bone creation doesn’t keep up with old bone removal

A

Bone Loss

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8
Q

very slow heart rate

A

Bradycardia

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9
Q

inflammation of the lining of the bronchial tube; often cough up thickened mucus

A

Bronchitis

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10
Q

cardio referring to the heart muscle and vascular referring to the vessels (arteries and veins)

A

Cardiovascular

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11
Q

the system that contains the heart and the blood vessels and moves blood throughout the body

A

Circulatory

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12
Q

typically caused by a loss of bone mass that occurs as part of aging

A

Compression Fracture

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13
Q

occurs when the heart is weak and cannot pump effectively

A

Congestive Heart Failure (CHF)

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14
Q

permanent tightening of the muscles, tendons, skin, and nearby tissues that causes the joints to shorten and become very stiff

A

Contracture

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15
Q

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease; trouble breathing as air gets trapped in the lungs due to lung damage

A

COPD (AKA Emphysema)

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16
Q

labored or difficulty breathing

A

Dyspnea

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17
Q

swelling caused by fluid in your body’s tissues

A

Edema

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18
Q

high blood pressure

A

Hypertension

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19
Q

low blood pressure

A

Hypotension

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20
Q

muscles

A

Musculo

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21
Q

blood circulation disorder that causes the blood vessels outside of your heart and brain to narrow, block, or spasm

A

Peripheral Vascular Disease

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22
Q

pain that feels like its coming from a body part that is no longer there

A

Phantom Pain

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23
Q

infection of the lungs; caused by virus, bacteria, or aspirating

A

Pneumonia

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24
Q

a drop in blood pressure when the person stands up after lying down or sitting

A

Postural Hypotension

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25
Q

basically an extension of the body; replaces amputated body part

A

Prosthesis

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26
Q

most common type of arthritis; gradual wearing down of the cartilage in the joints; aging is the most common risk factor

A

Osteoarthritis

27
Q

organs and tissues, primarily the lungs, work together to help you breathe

A

Respiratory System

28
Q

support structure of our body; bones, joints, and ligaments in our body

A

Skeletal

29
Q

occurs when a blood vessel that carries oxygen and nutrients to the brain is either blocked by a clot or bursts causing blood to spill into the blood tissue

A

Stroke (CVA)

30
Q

very fast heart rate

A

Tachycardia

31
Q

rapid breathing

A

Tachypnea

32
Q

tissue that connects muscle to bone or another structure

A

Tendon

33
Q

temporary period of symptoms similar to those of a stroke

A

TIA

34
Q

twisted, enlarged veins

A

Varicose Veins

35
Q

brain and spinal cord; combines information from the entire body and coordinates activity across the whole organism

A

Central Nervous System

36
Q

stools that are less frequent and hard or lumpy

A

Constipation

37
Q

most common disease of nervous system; loss of memory and other mental abilities; interferes with daily life

A

Dementia

38
Q

an illness characterized by the body’s inability to process sugar because the body cannot produce or cannot use the insulin produced

A

Diabetes

39
Q

A process which removes body waste products from the blood and usually requires treatment three times a week from a special center

A

Dialysis

40
Q

the long route from the mouth to the rectum: the mouth, esophagus, stomach, intestines, and rectum

A

Digestive System

41
Q

difficulty swallowing

A

Dysphagia

42
Q

discomfort when urinating

A

Dysuria

43
Q

stomach contents that have been vomited up; AKA vomitus

A

Emesis

44
Q

the collection of glands that produce hormones to regulate many functions

A

Endocrine Systems

45
Q

a large lump of dry, hard stool that stays stuck in the rectum

A

Fecal Impaction

46
Q

vagina, uterus, penis

A

Genital System

47
Q

kidneys, bladder, ureters, urethra, vagina, uterus, and penis (urinary, reproductive, and genitals)

A

Genito-urinary System

48
Q

condition caused by brain damage or spinal cord injury that leads to paralysis on one side of the body

A

Hemiplegia

49
Q

high blood sugar

A

Hyperglycemia

50
Q

low blood sugar

A

Hypoglycemia

51
Q

skin, hair, and nails; acts like a barrier between the external environment and the internal body environment

A

Integumentary System

52
Q

potentially disabling disease of the brain and spinal cord; the immune system attacks the protective sheath that covers nerve fibers

A

Multiple Sclerosis

53
Q

the nerves that supply the entire body and controls and communicates with the entire body

A

Neurological

54
Q

muscle loss function in the part of the body

A

Paralysis

55
Q

result of reduced production of hormone dopamine in brain; tremors, shaking, weak, stiff muscles, and inability to move legs

A

Parkinson’s Disease

56
Q

slower movement through the colon

A

Peristalsis

57
Q

the gland that surrounds the part of the urethra just below the bladder, and produces a fluid that forms part of the semen

A

Prostate

58
Q

paralysis from the neck down, including the trunk, legs, and arms; will require assistance with ADLs

A

Quadriplegia

59
Q

responsible for processing sensory information and refers to the parts of our body that “senses” things

A

Sensory System

60
Q

occurs suddenly and often due to trauma; loss of sensation and movement in body parts; outcome determined by spinal cord injury location

A

Spinal Cord Injury

61
Q

the tubes that connect the kidneys to the bladder

A

Ureter

62
Q

the tube that leads from the bladder to the outside of the body where urine is eliminated through urination

A

Urethra

63
Q

infection of the urine; leads to increased confusion, irritability, frequent falls, frequent urination, and darker urine

A

Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)

64
Q

stomach contents that have been vomited up; AKA vomitus

A

Vomitus

CNA (7 decks)

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