Crying Baby Flashcards
What are the causes of a crying baby
Colic
Hunger
Pathological:
Sepsis
Infections: UTI, middle, otitis media, meningitis, hydrocephalus
Bowel obstruction: strangulated hernia, testicular torsion
Intussusception, appendicitis, peritonitis, pyloric stenosis
Fracture
CMPA, GORD
Constipation or anal fissures
What are the red flags for a pathological cause of a crying baby
Weak, abnormally high-pitched or continuous cry
Fever
Apnoeic episodes
Cyanosis
Abnormal breathing pattern
Bilious or projectile vomiting
Weight loss or faltering growth
Blood in stool
Define colic
paroxysms of irritability or crying lasting >3 hours per day and occurring >3 days per week for at least 1 week in infants <5 months of age
What is the epidemiology of colic
Affects 40% of babies
Typically occurs in the first few weeks of life, resolving gradually from 3-12 months
What are the symptoms of colic
Prolonged, incessant crying where the baby draws up their knees and arches their back when crying
- Usually in the late afternoon or evening
Passage of excessive flatus several times a day
Clenching of fists
What is the management for colic
Re-assure
Ensure baby is sucking well, at least 6 nappies a day, gaining weight, offer breastfeeding support
Advise on manoeuvres:
- Carrying in a sling, kangaroo care
- Swaddling
- Talking, singing, white noise (hairdryer, vacuum)
- Infant massage
- Rocking or gentle motion (stroller or car)
- Keep upright after feeding, good winding/burping
Advise to seek support from others
Screen for maternal depressino
Resources: NHS choices, Cry-sis self-help support
+ follow up (crying should be reduced by 3-4 months of age)