Blood and the circulation Flashcards

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1
Q

what is plasma made up from?

A

white and red blood cells and platelets.

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2
Q

What does plasma do?

A

transports various chemicals around the body.

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3
Q

what chemicals does plasma transport around the body?

A

producs of digestion, hormones, antibodies, urea and carbon dioxide.

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4
Q

what do red blood cells contain?

A

haemoglobin

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5
Q

what is haemoglobin?

A

binds to oxygen to transport it from the lungs to the tissues and cells, which it needs for respiration.

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6
Q

what do red blood cells not contain?

A

a nucleus

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7
Q

what is the shape of a red blood cell?

A

biconcave disks

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8
Q

what is the purpose of white blood cells?

A

help to protect the body against infection

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9
Q

true of false: white blood cells can change shape.

A

True! they can change shape to squeeze out of blood vessels and into the tissues.

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10
Q

what are platlets?

A

fragments of cells which collect at wounds and trigger blood clotting

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11
Q

how does blood pass around the body?

A

in blood vessels

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12
Q

what 3 blood vessels does the body contain?

A

arteries, veins and capillaries.

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13
Q

what do the arteries do?

A

they take blood from your heart to your organs

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14
Q

What are arteries made from?

A

thick walls that are made from muscle and elastic fibres.

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15
Q

what do the veins do?

A

they take blood from your organs to your heart.

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16
Q

what are veins made from?

A

thinner walls and valves to prevent backflow.

17
Q

what do capillaries do?

A

they allow substances needed by the cells to pass out of the blood. they also allow substances produced by the cells to pass into the blood.

18
Q

what are capillaries made from?

A

narrow thin walled blood vessels.

19
Q

what does the heart use to pump blood around the body?

A

double circulatory system

20
Q

how many times does the blood circulate through the heart?

A

twice

21
Q

what are the four chambers in the heart

A

the left and right atria, and the left and right ventricles.

22
Q

what does the left and right atria do?

A

they recieve blood from the veins

23
Q

what does the left and right ventricles do?

A

They pump blood out into arteries

24
Q

What is the use of valves?

A

They make sure the blood flows in the correct direction

25
Q

How does the heart send blood to the lungs?

A

Via the pulmonary artery

26
Q

What does bronchi form when they divide?

A

They form bronchioles

27
Q

How is the blood taken back to the heart

A

Through the pulmonary vein