KINETIC THEORY Flashcards
Matter is composed of what
composed of particles which are in continual motion.
what happens in a solid state
the particles vibrate in fixed positions. When a solid is heated the particles of the substance begin to move faster and faster. i.e. they gain kinetic energy.
what happened to particles in a liquid
the particles vibrate and also move past one another
what happens in gaseous state
he particles vibrate but also move in random straight line motion at high speed, elastically colliding with each other and the wall of their container.
what happens in gaseous state
he particles vibrate but also move in random straight line motion at high speed, elastically colliding with each other and the wall of their container.
what is heat
a form of energy that flows from one substance to another due to a difference in temperature. It is measured in Joules (J).
give me another name of heat
thermal energy
what is internal energy
The heat content of any substance is its total internal energy, that is the total kinetic and potential energy of all of its particles
what is kinetic energy
the energy a particle has due to its movement Ek=12mv2
what is Potential energy
stored energy a particle has due to the force between particles and the distance they are apart
what is temperature
is a measure of the average kinetic energy of all of the particles in a substance.
give me the meaning of thermal equilibrium
If two objects are at the same temperature they are said to be in thermal equilibrium and there is no net flow of heat between them
why can heat occur in one direction
Heat flows from objects of higher temperature
to objects of lower temperature
how many ways can heat be transferred
There are three main ways in which heat is transferred; these are conduction, convection and radiation.
what are conductors
materials that easily allow heat to be transferred along them
