Differential Educational achievement Class (External Factors: Material deprivation)) Flashcards
What are the 4 factors of material deprivation which affect attainment?
- Housing
- Diet and Health
- Financial support and the costs of education
- Fear of debt
Housing
–> Living in temporary accommodation may find themselves having to move frequently, resulting in contact changes of school and disrupted education
–> Overcrowding can have a direct effect by making it harder for the child to study
–> Crowded homes run a greater risk of accidents. Cold or damp housing can cause illnesses as well
Diet and Health
–> Marilyn Howard: poorer homes have less vitamins, energy and minerals which weakens their immune system: absences from school.
Financial support and the hidden costs of education
–> David Bull “costs of free schooling” transport, uniforms, books. Places a heavy burden on families.
–> Emily Tanner: make do with hand-me-downs and cheaper unfashionable equipment result in isolation and bullying.
–> Inability to afford private education and tutoring
Fear of debt
–> Callender and Jackson found that attitude to debt was important in deciding whether to apply to universe
–> Restrict working-class students choice of university and chances students were more likely to apply
–> Working-class students who do go to university are likely to receive less financial support from their families
Evaluation:
–> A lot of goverment polices have been put in place to try and resolve out-of-school factors over many years, and yet statistics remain clear. Social class is perhaps the main predictor of educational achievement
- Pupil premium
- Free school meals
- Educational maintenance allowances
–> It is clear that goverments have tried to compenstate for this
–> 77% of Chinese students in 2015 on school meals achieve 5 GCSE
- 78% of those not on school meals achieve the same
(Low validity: many in poverty not in reciept of FSM)
