Theme 4: Health Behaviours

Question 1

what is involved in this theme

Answer 1

health belief model
social cognitive theory
transtheoretical model
com-B

Question 2

health belief model

Answer 2

Question 3

what are the 6 constructs of the health belief model

Answer 3

perceived susceptibility
perceived severity
perceived beenfits
perceived barriers
cues to action
self-efficacy

Question 4

perceived susceptibility

Answer 4

perception of the risk or the chances of contracting a health disease or condition, range from low to high

Question 5

perceived seveirty

Answer 5

individuals belief that a condition has serious consequences when left untreated, 2 consequences are social and medical

Question 6

perceived beenfits

Answer 6

precautions that should be taken to avoid, maintain or cure a health condition, how where when

Question 7

perceived barriers

Answer 7

anything that blocks or constructs a person from participating in new behaviours, internal or external

Question 7

perceived barriers

Answer 7

anything that blocks or constructs a person from participating in new behaviours, internal or external

Question 7

cues to action

Answer 7

factors that push the individual to take action and can be internal or external

Question 7

self-efficacy

Answer 7

confidence and belief in their personal ability to take action, if they aren’t confident they will be less likely to perform a certain task

Question 7

social cognitive theory

Answer 7

examines the processes involved as people learn from observing others and gradually acquire control over their own behaviour

Question 8

components of the social cognitive theory

Answer 8

learning
modelling
cognitvie modelling
vicarious learning
vicarious reinforcement
inhibition
ripple effect
self-regulation/management
cognitive behaviour modification
self-modelling
self-instruction

Question 9

learning SCT

Answer 9

change in mental structures that creates the capacity to demonstrate different behaviours

Question 10

modelling SCT

Answer 10

tendency of individuals to imitate the behaviour they observe in others

Question 11

cognitive modelling SCT

Answer 11

deliberate modelling strategies they want students to use

Question 12

vicarious learning SCT

Answer 12

we watch others and adjust our own behaviour based on what happens to them

Question 13

vicarious reinforcement SCT

Answer 13

increasing chances we will repeat a behaviour by observing another person being reinforced for that behaviour

Question 14

inhibition SCT

Answer 14

self-imposed restriction on ones behaviour

Question 15

ripple effect SCT

Answer 15

ontagious spreading of behaviours through imitation

Question 16

self-regulation SCT

Answer 16

use of behavioural learning principles to change your own behaviour

Question 17

cognitive behavipur modification SCT

Answer 17

modification of overt behaviour through the manipulation of covert through processes

Question 18

self modelling SCT

Answer 18

behavioural changes result from people observing and reflecting on their own behaviours

Question 19

self-instruction SCT

Answer 19

talking yourself through steps of a task

Question 20

what is the transtheoretical model of change

Answer 20

to conceptualise the process of intentional behaviour change, focused on decision making by the individual, widely used and successfully applied to multiple behaviours to promote health behaviour change

Question 21

assumptions made by the transtheoretical model

Answer 21

no single theory can account for all complexities of behaviour change behaviour change is a process over time through a sequence of stages, stages are stable and open to change, no inherent motivation to progress through stages, most people aren’t prepared for action, chronic behaviour patterns are influenced by a combination of factors, each stage should be navigated for lasting change to occur, insight alone doesn’t change behaviour

Question 22

stages of change

Answer 22

precontemplation
contemplation
preparation
action
maintenance
termination

Question 23

precontemplation

Answer 23

no intention to take action in next 6 months, individual engaged in risky behaviour, usually uninformed about the associated risk

Question 24

contemplation

Answer 24

intend to take action within the next 6 months, individual becomes aware and accepts the problem, weighs the pro’s and cons of changing behaviour

Question 25

preparation

Answer 25

intends to take action within the next 30 days, taken some behaviour steps in this direction, pros in favour of attempting to change outweigh the cons, often have action plan but may not be entirely committed

Question 26

action

Answer 26

changed overt behaviour for less than 6 months, specific overt modifications in lifestyle, vigilance against relapse is critical

Question 27

maintenance

Answer 27

changed overt behaviour for more than 6 months, doesn’t apply change processes as frequently as in action steps, less tempted to relapse and increasingly more confident to continue with changed behaviour

Question 28

termination

Answer 28

no temptation to relapse and 100% confidence, regardless of mental state certain not to return to original behaviour

Question 29

what may occur during the transtheoretical model

Answer 29

at any point the patient can relapse

Question 30

decisional balance

Answer 30

pros and benefits of changing, cons and costs of changing, dynamic changes as individual progresses through change stages

Question 31

self efficacy transtheoretical

Answer 31

confidence that one can engage in health behaviour across different challenging situations and temptation to engage in unhealthy behaviour across different challenging situations

Question 32

strengths of transtheoretical model

Answer 32

longstanding model for health promotion, used with various behaviours, recgonsies behaviour change is dynamic, links between changes for targeted interventions

Question 33

limitations of the transtheoretical model

Answer 33

complex behaviours is problematic, over-simplistic? Doesn’t account for multidimensionality of human behaviour

Question 34

what is the com-b model

Answer 34

: model of behaviour widely used to identify what needs to change in order for a behaviour change intervention to be effective

Question 35

3 factors required for a behaviour to occur in the com-b model

Answer 35

capability
motivation
opportunity

Question 36

capability and types of capability

Answer 36

is an attribute of a person that together with opportunity makes a behaviour possible or facilitates it, can be physical (involves physique and musculoskeletal functioning) and psychological (involves person’s mental functioning)

Question 37

motivation and types of motivation

Answer 37

aggregate of mental processes that energise and direct behaviour, can be reflective (involves conscious thought processes) and automatic (involves habitual, instinctive, drive-related and affective processes)