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Computer Science > Communication #3 > Flashcards

Communication #3 Flashcards

1
Q

Define network

A
  • Consists of a number of computer systems connected together
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2
Q

3 advantages of a network

(look in page 35 for more)

A
  • Share data/files
  • Central backup
  • Access data from any pc
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3
Q

3 disadvantages of a network

(look in page 35 for more)

A
  • Hackers can gain access to data easily
  • Server down = all workstations affected
  • Cost of servers expensive af
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4
Q

What are the 2 main types of network?

A

LAN
WAN

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5
Q

What is LAN?

A
  • Local Area Network
  • All computer systems located close to each other
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6
Q

What is WAN?

A
  • Wide Area Network
  • All computer systems located far from each other
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7
Q

What are network topologies?

A

Theoretical layout of computer systems on a network

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8
Q

What are the 4 types of network topologies?

A
  • Bus network
  • Ring network
    • Star network
  • Mesh network
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9
Q

Another word for computer systems?

(topology)

A

Nodes

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10
Q

Explain bus network

(topology)

A
  • All nodes connected to a single cable
    where data can be sent
  • Has terminators on each end
    to ensure networks functions correctly
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11
Q

Explain more about bus network

(topology)

A

• Bus carries data packets along cable
as packet arrives at each computer system
* Authenticates the destination address contained in packet
to see if it matches own address
* Doesn’t match = packet ignored
* Matches = data is processed

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12
Q

3 Advantages of bus network

(topology)

A

+ Easy to implement
+ Quick to set up
+ Cost-effective - less cabling

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13
Q

3 Disadvantages of bus network

(topology)

A
  • Difficult to troubleshoot bus
  • Limited cable length & stations
  • Problem with main cable = whole network down
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14
Q

Explain ring network

(topology)

A
  • Computer systems connected in a ring/loop
  • Data packets sent around ring
  • Passes from pc to next until arrive to destination
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15
Q

3 Advantages of ring network

(topology)

A

+ Data quickly transferred without a bottleneck
+ Prevents network collisions
+ Transmission of data relatively simple, one direction

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16
Q

3 Disadvantages of ring network

(topology)

A
  • 1 pc fails = ring is broken
  • Problem with main cable = whole network down
  • Difficult to troubleshoot ring
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17
Q

Explain Star network

(topology)

A
  • Each computer system connected to central node aka hub
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18
Q

3 Advantages of star network

(topology)

A

+ Fast network speed
+ Easy to set up
+ Better security

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19
Q

2 Disadvantages of star network

(topology)

A
  • Expensive to install - more cabling req.
  • Extra hardware req. (hub)
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20
Q

Explain mesh network

(topology)

A
  • Each pc directly connected to as many other pc’s as possible
  • Look at page 38 for a full mesh network diagram

*** most common topology on wireless networks

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21
Q

What is partial mesh network?

(topology)

A
  • Same as mesh network, but only some affected, and rest connected to 1/2 devices
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22
Q

3 Advantages of mesh network

(topology)

A

+ 1 node fails, always alternative present, data transfer isn’t affected
+ Provides high levels of security & privacy
+ Fault can be diagnosed easily

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23
Q

3 Disadvantages of mesh network

(topology)

A
  • Cabling costs are high
  • Set-up is very difficult
  • Administration of network is difficult
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24
Q

How does a pc connect to a network

A

Must have NIC (Network Interface Card)

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25
Q

2 methods of connecting to network

A

1) physical hardware port (use of cable <– ethernet???)
2) wireless connection (wi-fi)

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26
Q

How is a physical connection made?
Whats the typical data transfer speed?

(connectivity)

A
  • Copper cable - between 100 Mb & 1 Gb per second
  • Fibre-optic connection - between 1 & 10 Gb
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27
Q

Typical data transfer speed for Wi-Fi?

A

54 - 108 Mb or higher

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28
Q

What 2 things can affect transfer speed of wi-fi?

A

1) Distance between device and router
2) Atmospheric conditions - weather

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29
Q

What is circuit switching?

An example?

A

Type of networking technology, provides temporary but dedicated link between 2 stations/nodes.

e.g. Landline telephone system

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30
Q

Main advantage of circuit switching?

A

Reliable, generally fast and error free once connection established

31
Q

Disadvantage of circuit switching?

A

Takes time to establish connection

32
Q

What overcame circuit switching?

A

Packet switching

33
Q

Difference with packet switching to circuit switching?

A
  • Breaks data down into small packets
  • Can be sent by more than one route
34
Q

What is packet switching?

A
  • Process of delivering packets from1 pc to another
  • Using designated device (switch/router)
  • Packets provided to a network
  • For delivery at a specified destination
  • Splits up into a number of packets
  • They take different routes to the destination
35
Q

Example of packet switching?

A

The internet

36
Q

Look at page 40 for the diagram of packets

A

Whatever

37
Q

What is routing?

A

The method of selecting paths for the packets

38
Q

5 things that can store routes

1 important thing they must do?

(routing)

A

routers
switches
bridges
firewalls
ports

Maintain accurate routing tables,
ensure packets delivered as quickly as possible

39
Q

The routing diagram is simple , it just tells u where the data packet will be sent, just look carefully

A

Whatever

40
Q

What is an IP address?

Which common server creates this?

A

Address allocated to a pc on a network

DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol)

41
Q

An example of an IP address?

A

195.10.213.120

soooo explanatory whatevs

42
Q

Use of an IP address?

A

Identify computer system on a network

43
Q

What is DNS?

A

Internet Domain Name System

A distributed database that matches IP addresses to pc resources

44
Q

1 example of DNS?

A

Something to do with going to specific websites, and like pc communicates with DNS server ig

(better hope they don’t tell us to explain this)
(waffle hard with this little info)

45
Q

Go to page 43 for domain space hierarchical structure

(DNS related)

A

whatever

46
Q

What are protocols?

A
  • An agreed format
  • Allows 2 devices to communicate
  • “simply”, a set of rules
47
Q

Say 2 rules commonly in protocols?

A
  • Sending devices will tell it’s finished sending msg
  • Type of error checking to be used
48
Q

Name 3 protocols

A

TCP/IP
HTTP
FTP

49
Q

What is TCP/IP

(protocols)

A

Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol

  • 2 protocols combined to allow communication between pc and network
  • IP - sets format of packets and addressing system
  • TCP - allows packets to be sent and received
50
Q

What is HTTP

(protocol)

A

Hypertext Transfer Protocol

  • Used to transfer multimedia web pages in internet
51
Q

What is FTP

(protocol)

A

File Transfer Protocol

  • Used when copying file from 1 location via network/internet
  • For transferring large files
52
Q

What is a protocol stack?

A
  • Set of protocols
  • Work together
  • Provide networking capabilities
53
Q

1 example of protocol stack?

A

Bluetooth

54
Q

What are the 5 layers of TCP/IP?

A
  • Physical layer
  • Data link lay er
  • Network layer
  • Transport layer
  • Application layer
55
Q

Explain physical layer

(TCP/IP)

A
  • Transmits raw data
    *Hardware = switches

additional info at page 45

56
Q

Explain Data link layer

(TCP/IP)

A
  • Sends data from network layer -> physical layer
  • Divides data as data frames

additional info at page 45

57
Q

Explain Network layer

(TCP/IP)

A
  • Responsible for addressing and routing of data
  • Routers being to network layer

additional info at page 45 (do u even need this?)

58
Q

Explain Transport layer

(TCP/IP)

A
  • Ensures data is transferred from one point to another
  • Reliably & without any errors
  • Responsible of data sent/received in correct order

look at page 45 if u fucking want

59
Q

Explain Application layer

(TCP/IP)

A
  • Provides interfaces to the software
  • Allowing to use network
60
Q

2 example of an application layer

(TCP/IP)

A

Email
World Wide Web (WWW)

61
Q

Look at page 46 for a diagram of sending data from host 1 to host 2

A

Whatever

62
Q

Now name 5 fucking layers

(layers and protocols)

A
  • Application layer
  • Transport layer
  • Network layer
  • Data link layer
  • Physical layer
63
Q

3 Protocols for application layer

(layers and protocols)

A

HTTP
SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol)
FTP

64
Q

A protocol for transport layer

(layers and protocols)

A

TCP

65
Q

A protocol for network layer

(layers and protocols)

A

IP

66
Q

A protocol for data link layer

(layers and protocols)

A

Ethernet protocol

67
Q

A protocol for physical layer

(layers and protocols)

A

NIC card in a pc

68
Q

Explain ethernet protocol

(layers and protocols)

A
  • Describes how network devices can format data for transmission
  • Using frames and packets

additional info at page 47.

69
Q

Explain Wi-Fi protocol

(layers and protocols)

A

Look at page 47 I cba

70
Q

Explain email protocols

(layers and protocols)

A

Bro just
look at page 48
idk it just seems self explanatory anyways

71
Q

What is IMAP protocol

(Email protocols)

A

Internet Messaging Access Protocol

  • Stores email messages on mail server
72
Q

What is POP3

(Email protocols)

A

Post Office Protocol 3
(the 3rd ver.???)

  • Receives emails
73
Q

What is SMTP

(Email protocols)

A

Simple Mail Transfer Protocol

  • Used to deliver email
  • From sender to email server
74
Q

What a fucking waste of time…..

A

Whatever

Computer Science (14 decks)

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