Science: Forces

Question 1

What is friction?

Answer 1

Friction is a force which will slow down a moving object due to two surfaces rubbing on one another

Question 2

When an object is moving through a fluid, either liquid or gas, the force which slows it down is known as xxxxxxx

Answer 2

DRAG

Question 3

Both drag and friction are forces so they are measured in xxxxxx

Answer 3

NEWTONS

Question 4

Both drag and friction are xxxxx forces as the two surfaces in friction, and the object and fluid particles in drag, come into contact with one another

Answer 4

CONTACT

Question 5

Some objects, like springs, can be stretched, the amount that they stretch is known as their xxxxxx

Answer 5

EXTENSION

Question 6

A spring will continue to stretch until it passes it’s ……..

Answer 6

ELASTIC LIMIT

Question 7

What is Hooke’s law?

Answer 7

If an object obeys Hooke’s law it will have a linear relationship: if the
force applied to the spring is doubled, the extension will double too

Question 8

What is the turning effect of a force - that is measured in Newton meters

Answer 8

A MOMENT

Question 9

What is the equation to calculate a MOMENT?

Answer 9

moment (Nm) = force (N) × distance from the pivot (m)

Question 10

What happens to the size of the MOMENT measurement as the distance from the pivot or the size of the force increases

Answer 10

Moment INCREASES

Question 11

When an object, such as a seesaw, is balanced, the clockwise and
the anticlockwise moments will
be equal and opposite, what is it known as?

Answer 11

EQUILIBRIUM

Question 12

What is GAS PRESSURE?

Answer 12

Gas pressure is caused by the particles of a gas colliding with the wall of the container which they are in

Question 13

How is higher gas pressure caused?

Answer 13

By particles colliding more with the wall of the container - can be done by:

• Heating the gas so the particles move more quickly and collide with the container with a higher energy
  • Compressing the gas so there are the same amount of particles within a smaller volume meaning that there are more collisions
  • Increasing the amount of particles within the same volume so there are more collisions

Question 14

What is atmospheric pressure?

Answer 14

pressure which the air exerts on you all of the time, nearer the ground there are more particles weighing down on you so the pressure is greater

The higher you go, the smaller the atmospheric pressure, this is because there will be less particles weighing down on you

Question 15

What is The pressure exerted on a solid known as?

Answer 15

STRESS

Question 16

The greater the area over which the force is exerted over, the xxxxx the pressure,

Answer 16

HIGHER
(this is why snowshoes have a large area to prevent you sinking into the snow)

Question 17

What is the equation to calculate pressure?

Answer 17

pressure = force / area

Question 18

Can liquids be compressed?

Answer 18

No
( The particles in a liquid are
already touching, meaning that there is little space between them to compress)

Question 19

Can liquids transfer pressure applied to them?

Answer 19

YES - this is seen in hydraulic machines

Question 20

Why does pressure increase as the ocean gets deeper?

Answer 20

Because the pressure depends on the weight of the water above

The greater the number of water molecules above, the higher the pressure will be