ai

Question 1

what are the 3 categories of AI?

Answer 1

narrow AI; general AI; strong AI

Question 2

Strong AI

Answer 2

occurs when a machine has superior performance to a human in many tasks

Question 3

General AI

Answer 3

occurs when a machine is similar(not superior) in its performance to a human doing a task

Question 4

Narrow AI

Answer 4

occurs when a machine has superior performance to a human when doing one specific task

Question 5

applications of AI

Answer 5

• autonomous cars
• facial expression recognition
• chatbots
• news generation based on live news feed
• smart home devices(ex. Siri)
• expert system
• machine learning

Question 6

Expert system

Answer 6

a computer system that mimics the decision-making ability of a human; use AI to stimulate the judgement and behaviour of a human/organisation that has expert knowledge and experience

Question 7

Machine learning

Answer 7

the science of training computers with sample data so that they can go on to make predictions about new unseen data, without the need to specifically program them for the new data

Question 8

_______ system use __________ and ___________ to solve problems or answer questions that would normally require a _______ expert

Answer 8

Expert, knowledge, inference, human

Question 9

Expert systems will supply…. and also give the…

Answer 9

a conclusion and any suggested actions to take; percentage probability of the accuracy of its conclusions

Question 10

applications of expert systems

Answer 10

• oil and mineral prospecting
• diagnosis of a patient’s illness
• fault diagnostics in mechanical and electronic equipment
• tax and financial calculations
• strategy games(ex.chess)
• logistics(efficient routing of parcel deliveries)

Question 11

advantages of expert systems

Answer 11

high level of expertise; high accuracy; results are consistent; ability to store vast amounts of ideas and facts; very fast response times(much quicker than a human expert)

Question 12

disadvantages of expert systems

Answer 12

need considerable training in its use to ensure the system is being used correctly; they set up and maintenance costs are very high; they tend to give very ‘cold’ responses that may not be appropriate in certain medical situations; they are only as good as the information/facts entered into the system

Question 13

features of an expert system

Answer 13

• inference engine
• knowledge base
• rules base

Question 14

inference engine

Answer 14

the main processing element of the expert system; acts like a search engine examining the knowledge base for information/data that matches the queries

Question 15

knowledge base

Answer 15

a repository of facts; stores all the knowledge about an area of expertise obtained from a number of expert resources

Question 16

rules base

Answer 16

a set of inference rules; used by the inference engine to draw conclusions (the methods used closely follow human reasoning); follow logical thinking like the example above-usually involving a series of ‘IF’ statements

Question 17

expert system setup

Answer 17

· information needs to be gathered from human experts or from written sources such as textbooks

· information gathered is used to populate the knowledge base that needs to be first created

· the inference engine is a complex system since it is the main processing element making reasoned conclusions from data in the knowledge base

· the user interface needs to be developed to allow the user and the expert system to communicate

Question 18

Machine learning is a ________ of artificial intelligence (AI), in which algorithms are ‘_____’ and ________ from their past experiences and examples.

Answer 18

sub-set, trained, learn

Question 19

It is possible for the machine learning system to:

Answer 19

make predictions or even take decisions based on previous scenarios; can offer fast/accurate outcomes due to very powerful processing capability

Question 20

differences between machine learning and expert system

Answer 20