AMD

Question 1

Answer 1

Drusen AMD

Question 2

Answer 2

Drusen AMD

Question 3

Answer 3

Focal Hyperpigmentation AMD

Question 4

Answer 4

Focal Hyperpigmentation AMD

Question 5

Answer 5

Geographic atrophy late AMD

Question 6

Answer 6

Geographic Atrophy late AMD

Question 7

Answer 7

Clinical Features of Late AMD: Geographic Atrophy

Question 8

Answer 8

Clinical Features of Late AMD: Choroidal Neovascularisation

Question 9

Answer 9

End stage of wet AMD, a disciform scar.
Neovascular AMD with haemorrhage.

Question 10

Answer 10

Late WET AMD: Pigment Epithelial Detachment

Question 11

Answer 11

Reticular Pseudodrusen AMD

Question 12

Answer 12

Drusen AMD OCT

Question 13

Answer 13

This image shows an OCT scan through a highly disordered macula. The large dark ‘bubbles’ in the inner retina show the presence of intraretinal fluid.

Question 14

Answer 14

In this image, the dark area is beneath the retina, but inner to the RPE – this demonstrates subretinal fluid.
There is also an elevated region beneath the retinal pigment epithelium, which indicates the presence of a neovascular membrane.

Question 15

Answer 15

Geographic atrophy AMD

Question 16

Answer 16

Clinical Investigation of AMD: fundus autofluorescence

Question 17

Answer 17

• Tiny little speckles in macula called hard drusens
• Cause lots of hard drusens, px is at risk of getting hard drusen AMD

Question 18

Answer 18

• Lots of soft drusen in macula
• Intermediate AMD

Question 19

Answer 19

– Lots of soft drusen in macula
- Focal pigmentary changes
- Intermediate AMD

Question 20

Answer 20

• Neovascular membrane
• Haemorrhage

Question 21

Answer 21

• End stage dry amd
• LARGE confluent drusens
• Geographic atrophy