7 Laws of Motion and Momentum Flashcards
State Newton’s First Law
An object will remain at rest or with constant velocity in a straight line unless acted upon by a resultant force.
State Newton’s Second Law
Force is directly proportional to the rate of change of momentum IN THE SAME DIRECTION
F=ma
State Newton’s Third Law
If object A exerts a force on object B, object B also exerts an equal and opposite force on object A
State the four fundamental forces
Gravitational
Electromagnetic
Strong Nuclear
Weak Nuclear
Equation for momentum
momentum = mass x velocitu
State the principle of conservation of momentum
For a system of interacting objects, the total momentum in a specified direction remains constant, as long as no external forces act upon this system.
Total momentum before = total momentum after
Define elastic and inelastic collisions
Elastic collisions - momentum, kinetic energy and total energy are conserved.
Inelastic collisions - momentum and total energy are conserved but NOT kinetic energy.
Derive F=ma
Newton’s 2nd Law: F=Δp/Δt
F=mv-mu/t
F=m(v-u/t)
F=ma
Define impulse
Change of momentum.
F=Δp/Δt
F x Δt = Δp
impulse = change of momentum
What does the area under a force-time graph represent?
Area = Δp
area = impulse
Resolving momentum in the x direction?
total initial momentum = total final momentum
m1 v0 = m1 v1 cosθ1 + m2 v2 cosθ2
Resolving momentum in the y direction?
total initial momentum = total final momentum
0 = m1 v1 sinθ1 + m2 v2 sinθ2