7 Laws of Motion and Momentum Flashcards

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1
Q

State Newton’s First Law

A

An object will remain at rest or with constant velocity in a straight line unless acted upon by a resultant force.

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2
Q

State Newton’s Second Law

A

Force is directly proportional to the rate of change of momentum IN THE SAME DIRECTION
F=ma

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3
Q

State Newton’s Third Law

A

If object A exerts a force on object B, object B also exerts an equal and opposite force on object A

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4
Q

State the four fundamental forces

A

Gravitational
Electromagnetic
Strong Nuclear
Weak Nuclear

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5
Q

Equation for momentum

A

momentum = mass x velocitu

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6
Q

State the principle of conservation of momentum

A

For a system of interacting objects, the total momentum in a specified direction remains constant, as long as no external forces act upon this system.

Total momentum before = total momentum after

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7
Q

Define elastic and inelastic collisions

A

Elastic collisions - momentum, kinetic energy and total energy are conserved.
Inelastic collisions - momentum and total energy are conserved but NOT kinetic energy.

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8
Q

Derive F=ma

A

Newton’s 2nd Law: F=Δp/Δt
F=mv-mu/t
F=m(v-u/t)
F=ma

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9
Q

Define impulse

A

Change of momentum.
F=Δp/Δt
F x Δt = Δp
impulse = change of momentum

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10
Q

What does the area under a force-time graph represent?

A

Area = Δp
area = impulse

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11
Q

Resolving momentum in the x direction?

A

total initial momentum = total final momentum
m1 v0 = m1 v1 cosθ1 + m2 v2 cosθ2

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12
Q

Resolving momentum in the y direction?

A

total initial momentum = total final momentum
0 = m1 v1 sinθ1 + m2 v2 sinθ2

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