w4 terms (DNA)

Question 1

Autosomal chromosomes

Answer 1

Normal chromosomes containing genetic information

Question 2

Base pairs

Answer 2

A pair of complementary bases in a double stranded nucleic acid molecule, i.e. adenine is complementary to thymine, cytosine is complementary to guanine

Question 3

Homologous chromosomes

Answer 3

A pair of chromosomes of approximately the same length and size, one inherited from each parent

Question 4

Human genome

Answer 4

The complete set of genetic information for humans, including DNA, genes, and chromosomes

Question 5

Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)

Answer 5

Circular DNA located in the mitochondria, comprising of 16 569 bases organized into 37 genes; passed down the maternal line

Question 6

Nucleotides

Answer 6

Basic building block of DNA containing the sugar, phosphate and base

Question 7

Short tandem repeats (STR)

Answer 7

Repeating lengths of three to seven base pairs

Question 8

Species

Answer 8

A group of living organisms consisting of similar individuals