Chapter 5 - 2/6 - The Constitution (NOT FINAL) Flashcards

1
Q

When was the Magna Carta?

A

1215

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2
Q

What did the Magna Carta establish?

A

The rule of law and that the monarch should operate within the framework of the law.

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3
Q

When was the Bill of Rights?

A

1869

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4
Q

What did the Bill of Rights do?

A

It stated that Parliament was sovereign and would have the final say on legislation and finance.

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5
Q

When was the Act of Settlement?

A

1701

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6
Q

What did the Act of Settlement do?

A

Established the rules of succession to the throne and the monarch as ruler of the United Kingdom.

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7
Q

When was the Acts of Union?

A

1707

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8
Q

What did the Acts of Union do?

A

Abolished the Scottish Parliament and established the modern United Kingdom.

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9
Q

When was the first Parliament Act?

A

1911

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10
Q

What did the first Parliament Act do?

A
  • Stripped the Lords of their power over public finance.

- Permitted the Lords to delay legislation for just 2 years.

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11
Q

When was the second Parliament Act?

A

1949

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12
Q

What did the second Parliament Act do?

A

Limited the Lords’ ability to delay legislation to just 1 year.

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13
Q

What is the significance of the two Parliaments Acts?

A

They established the House of Commons as the senior House.

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14
Q

When was the European Communities Act?

A

1972; although the UK did not officially join until 1973.

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15
Q

What did the European Communities Act do?

A

It brought the UK into the European Community, later the EU.

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16
Q

When was the European Union (Notification of Withdrawal) Act?

A

2017

17
Q

What did the European Act do?

A

Give parliamentary consent to the UK’s exit from the EU.

18
Q

What are the 3 required features of a codified constitution?

A
  • Contained in a single document.
  • Created at one moment in history.
  • Constitutional laws within it are clearly distinguished from other laws.
19
Q

Why is it not possible to entrench constitutional principles in the UK?

A

Because parliament is sovereign.

20
Q

What can a parliament not have done to it by its predecessor, and what can it not do to its successor?

A

Every parliament cannot be bound by its predecessor and it cannot bind its successor - this is parliamentary sovereignty.

21
Q

What is becoming common practice whenever constitutional amendment is proposed, effectively entrenching constitutional developments?

A

A referendum. The results of referendums, although not necessarily legally binding, are considered to be so regardless - the people’s voice is binding. Referendums mean the UK is gradually moving towards a system of entrenchment.

22
Q

Give the definition of legal sovereignty.

A

‘Ultimate power and the source of all political power, as enforced by the legal system and the state’.

23
Q

What is a unitary constitution?

A

When sovereignty lies in one single place.

24
Q

What is a federal constitution?

A

When sovereignty is divided between a central body and regional bodies.