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AWS-INTERVIEW-GUIDE > AWS Core Services > Flashcards

AWS Core Services Flashcards

1
Q

Name a few of the compute services in AWS. 6

A

Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2)
Amazon Elastic Container Service (ECS)
Amazon Elastic Kubernetes Service (EKS)
AWS Lambda
AWS Fargate
AWS Elastic Beanstalk

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2
Q

Name a few of the Storage services in AWS. 4

A

Amazon Simple Storage Service (S3): Object storage service for storing and retrieving any amount of data from anywhere on the web.

Amazon Elastic Block Store (EBS): Persistent block-level storage volumes for EC2 instances, providing durable and high-performance storage.

Amazon Elastic File System (EFS): Fully managed file system service that supports NFSv4 protocols, allowing shared access across multiple EC2 instances.

AWS Storage Gateway: Hybrid storage service that enables seamless integration between on-premises environments and AWS cloud storage services.

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3
Q

Describe Amazon Simple Storage Service (S3)

A

Amazon Simple Storage Service (S3): Object storage service for storing and retrieving any amount of data from anywhere on the web.

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4
Q

Describe Amazon Elastic Block Store (EBS):

A

Amazon Elastic Block Store (EBS): Persistent block-level storage volumes for EC2 instances, providing durable and high-performance storage.

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5
Q

Describe Amazon Elastic File System (EFS):

A

Amazon Elastic File System (EFS): Fully managed file system service that supports NFS protocols, allowing shared access across multiple EC2 instances.

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6
Q

Describe AWS Storage Gateway:

A

AWS Storage Gateway: Hybrid storage service that enables seamless integration between on-premises environments and AWS cloud storage services

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7
Q

Name a few of the Database services in AWS. 3

A

RDS
DynamoDB
Amazon DocumentDB

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8
Q

Name a few Networking & Content Delivery. 4

A

AWS VPC
AWS Direct Connect
Route 53
AWS CloudFront
AWS Global Accelerator

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9
Q

Describe AWS Global Accelerator:

A

Improves global application availability and performance by directing traffic through the AWS global network infrastructure, minimizing latency and providing fault tolerance.

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10
Q

Name some of the most used AWS Security, Identity, & Compliance services. 5

A

Identity and Access Management (IAM): Centralized identity & access management
Amazon GuardDuty: Threat detection service
AWS Web Application Firewall (WAF):
Amazon Inspector: Identifies deviations from best practices and provides actionable recommendations.
AWS Secrets Manager: centrally manage and control access to secrets

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11
Q

Describe Amazon GuardDuty:

A

Amazon GuardDuty: Threat detection service that uses machine learning and anomaly detection to monitor and analyze AWS account activity, helping to protect against malicious activity and unauthorized access.

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12
Q

Describe AWS Web Application Firewall (WAF):

A

AWS Web Application Firewall (WAF): Provides firewall protection for web applications, allowing you to define customizable rules to filter and block malicious traffic and protect against common web exploits.

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13
Q

Describe Amazon Inspector:

A

Amazon Inspector: Automated security assessment service that identifies security vulnerabilities and deviations from best practices in your applications and EC2 instances and provides actionable recommendations.

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14
Q

Describe AWS Secrets Manager:

A

AWS Secrets Manager: Securely stores and manages secrets such as database credentials, API keys, and other sensitive information, allowing you to manage and control access to secrets centrally.

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15
Q

Name the most used AWS Analytics services. 5

A

AWS Redshift
Amazon Athena
Amazon EMR (Elastic MapReduce)
Amazon Kinesis
AWS Data Pipeline

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16
Q

Describe Amazon Athena

A

Amazon Athena: Serverless query service that allows you to analyze data in Amazon S3 using standard SQL, without the need for infrastructure provisioning.

17
Q

Describe Amazon EMR (Elastic MapReduce)

A

Fully managed big data processing service that simplifies the deployment and scaling of Apache Hadoop and other frameworks for processing and analyzing large datasets.

18
Q

Describe Amazon Kinesis

A

Real-time streaming data platform that enables you to ingest, process, and analyze large volumes of streaming data from various sources, such as IoT devices and application logs

19
Q

How to decide when to use ECS or EKS?

A
  1. Both support auto-scaling, but EKS provides more advanced scaling options.
  2. ECS abstracts infrastructure management, while EKS offers more control over cluster operations.
20
Q

When to use EC2 and ELB combo over AWS Beanstalk?

A

Choose EC2 and ELB combo if you need fine-grained control, customizability, and have complex application architectures.

21
Q

When to use AWS Elastic Beanstalk over EC2 and ELB combo?

A

Consider using AWS Elastic Beanstalk for simplified deployment, rapid application development, and a managed environment that handles scaling and infrastructure management for you.

22
Q

What situations are best suited for Fargate?

A

When you want to focus on running containers without the burden of managing the underlying infrastructure.

23
Q

What are the top 5 use cases for AWS Lambda?

A

Event-Driven Processing: Real-time processing of events from services like S3, DynamoDB, or Kinesis.
Web Application Backend: Serverless backend for web applications, handling requests and integrating with other services.
Data Processing and (ETL) Extract, Transform, Load:
Chatbots and Voice Assistants:
Microservices Architecture:

24
Q

What is the difference between Reserved Instances (RIs) and Savings Plans (SPs) for EC2?

A

RIs offer instance-based discounts for a specific term, with capacity reservation and instance size flexibility. SPs provide discounts regardless of instance type, with region-based flexibility.

25
Q

In what situations would you choose RIs over SPs or vice versa?

A

Choose RIs for stable workloads, capacity reservation needs, and instance size flexibility.
Choose SPs for flexible workloads, regional flexibility, and agile environments.

26
Q

Q: What is the purpose of an Auto Scaling Group (ASG)?

A

A: The purpose of an ASG is to ensure the availability, scalability, and cost optimization of applications with fluctuating or unpredictable traffic patterns by automatically scaling the number of instances based on demand.

27
Q

Q: How does an Auto Scaling Group (ASG) work?

A

A: ASGs monitor the health and utilization of instances and automatically add or remove instances to maintain the desired capacity or performance levels specified by the scaling policies.

28
Q

Q: How does Elastic Load Balancing (ELB) work?

A

A: ELB acts as a single point of contact for clients, routing traffic to multiple backend instances based on load balancing algorithms, such as round-robin, least connections, or IP hash.

29
Q

Q: When should you use each type of Elastic Load Balancer (ELB)?

A

A: Use Application Load Balancer (ALB) for advanced application-level load balancing, like routing traffic to different target groups based on URL path or host.

Network Load Balancer (NLB) for high-performance, low-latency load balancing of TCP, UDP, or TLS traffic, especially for extreme scalability and high throughput requirements

30
Q

List some of the basic steps that go into creating an ec2 instance? 6

A
  1. Amazon Machine Image (AMI): Pre-configured OS & software stack
  2. Choose an Instance Type: Based on resource needs, such as CPU, memory, storage, and networking capabilities.
  3. Configure Instance Details: Like network settings, security groups, subnet placement, and instance count.
  4. Add Storage: Define the storage volumes and their characteristics, such as size, type (e.g., SSD or HDD), and encryption.
  5. Configure Security Groups: Set up security groups to control inbound and outbound traffic to your EC2 instance.
  6. Create a Key Pair: for secure connection over SSH or RDP
31
Q

Q: What is AWS Lambda?

A

A: AWS Lambda is a serverless Function As A Service (FaaS) that lets you run code without provisioning or managing servers. It allows you to focus on writing code and automating tasks without worrying about infrastructure.

32
Q

Q: How does AWS Lambda work?

A

A: Lambda executes code in response to events. You define a Lambda function, upload your code, and specify the events that trigger the execution. AWS takes care of automatically scaling and managing the underlying infrastructure.

33
Q

Q: What are the benefits of using AWS Lambda?

A

A: Lambda offers several benefits, including reduced operational overhead, automatic scaling, pay-as-you-go pricing, event-driven architecture, fast time-to-market, and integration with other AWS services.

34
Q

Q: When should you use AWS Lambda?

A

Real-time file processing
Data transformations
Web and mobile backends
Scheduled tasks, and
Building serverless architectures.

AWS-INTERVIEW-GUIDE (7 decks)

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